Cette leçon contient 12 diapositives, avec diapositives de texte et 3 vidéos.
La durée de la leçon est: 40 min
Éléments de cette leçon
AGE 4: The Time of Cities and States
5.1 New Cities
Slide 1 - Diapositive
AGE 4: the Time of Cities and States
1000 - 1500
Today, more than half of the people in the world live in cities. In Europe this number is even higher: About seventy percent of the population lives in cities.
This was very different at the start of the Middle Ages. Many Roman cities had been destroyed. Europe had turned into an agricultural society. When and why did this change? When were most cities in Western Europe established? Why did people in the Late Middle Ages (1000 - 1500) move to the cities?
Typical Aspects:
1. Return of international trade
2. Rise of independent cities
3. Rise of states with a centralised administration
4. Conflict between Church and State
5. Expansion of Christianity through Crusades
LATE MIDDLE AGES
Slide 2 - Diapositive
What is this lesson about?
In the late Middle Ages, more and more people moved to the cities. They expected the city had a lot to offer them. And indeed for many, the city was a place to work, earn money and build up a life.
Slide 3 - Diapositive
What are the main questions of this lesson?
Why did people move to cities?
People moved to the city to find work, earn money and build up a life. In cities, people were free to go where they wanted.
What were guilds?
A guild was an association of people who had the same job. Guilds were very important. They controlled who could practise a craft in a city.
What groups lived in the cities?
Three different groups lived in the cities: Upper class: merchants and masters of a guild. Middle class: craftsmen and shopkeepers. Lower class: common workers and poor beggars.
Slide 4 - Diapositive
Slide 5 - Vidéo
Word Duty
burghers: free people who lived in cities.
guild: an association of people who had the same job, such as bakers, carpenters and blacksmiths. A guild controlled who could practise a craft in the city.
KEY WORDS
Slide 6 - Diapositive
B. Development of new cities
After 1000 AD food production increased.
Farmers produced more food than they needed. This is called a "surplus" (overschot)
The surplus was sold at markets
Around markets, new towns developed.
Result: trade grew even more and the cities became bigger.
Slide 7 - Diapositive
C. Inside a Medieval city
What did a Medieval city look like?
around 10,000 - 40,000 people
narrow, muddy, smelly filthy streets.
houses made of wood, dangerous for fires.
big cities were surrounded by a wall.
Churches were the largest buildings in the city.
Slide 8 - Diapositive
D. Craftsmen and Guilds
In the cities there were traders (handelaren) and craftsmen (ambachtslieden).
They were organised in guilds.
a guild was a group of people with the same job
What did guilds do?
organise the training of new members
regulate working hours, quality and prices
help members when someone is ill.
Slide 9 - Diapositive
E. City People
City people were called burghers
There were big differences between rich and poor burghers
La durée de la leçon est: 40 min
