2.4 The Dutch Revolt+2.5 economic and social effects

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

2.4 The Dutch Revolt

Goals for this lesson

At the end of this lesson you...

• Understand how the Netherlands became a republic
• Understand how the Dutch were able to gain independence

Stadtholder

Governor

Lord of the Low Countries

Gewest

Charles V

William of Orange

Margarethof Parma

Independent province

Below two statements:
1. The governor ruled the Low Countries from Madrid.
2. There where 17 gewesten in the Low Countries.

1. 1 & 2 are true
2. 1 & 2 are false
3. 1= true; 2=false
4. 1= false; 2= true

Name one cause to the Dutch Revolt

2.4 The dutch revolt

Read: "1568: the start of the Dutch Revolt"
Question: The text hints at a downside of using a mercenary army. Explain this downside.

1568: The revolt

• William used his money to form a mercenary army 
• He launched two invasion, both failed. He was now out of money

Read: "The tide turns"
Summerise the essence of this text

The tide turns

• Geuzen=Rebels/pirates fighting the Spanish from the sea. (sea beggars)
• Geuzen captured Den Briel and Vlissingen= strategic locations

First city the rebels took was Den Briel in 1572

Den Briel

Heiligerlee

Brussels

Dillenburg kasteel

Engeland

First city taken by Dutch rebels

Base for the watergeuzen (pirates)

Place of the first battle in the 80-years war.

Base for William of Orange

Capital of the habsburg Netherlands

Read:"The nature of the war in the low Countries"
Name a benefit and a downside of besieging a city

The nature of the war

• Many towns were defended by water and starforts
• Attacking= to difficult so: Besiege them: surround them and starve them out
• Spanish Fury: Spanish troops plundering dutch city's

Read:"The Dutch break with spain"
Summerise the essence of this text

Unie van Utrecht

• 1579: Treaty signed against the Spanish army by several gewesten. 

Act of Abjuration

• 1581: 7 gewesten reject Philip II as their ruler and declare independence. 

Search in your book:
Explain what justification was used for the Act of Abjuration

End of part 1

Recap: What was the "Act of Abjuration"?
(page 48)

Recap: Explain both the Union of Atrecht and the Union of Utrecht
(page 48)

Read:"After the Act of Abjuration"
Answer:"What part of the text makes you conclude the seven provinces did not originaly intend to become a republic?

Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden

The Republic 1588

• De Republiek der zeven verenigde Nederlanden.
• Decided to continue without a king or queen: Republic
• Ruled by the Stadtholders and States General

Homework:

2.5 Economic and social effects of the revolt

Dutch Revolt

Goals:

• How did ordinary people live in those days?
• How did the revolt change their lives?

Read: "Zeeland and Holland"
Answer: Explain where Holland and Zeeland got their wealth from

What are 'tolls'?

1. Payments or fees for using certain roads or bridges
2. Small coastal towns
3. Ancient artifacts found in archaeological sites
4. Traditional dances in rural areas

Why were the inland cities less rich than sea cities?

1. Inland cities had more natural resources
2. Inland cities had better infrastructure
3. Inland cities had a larger population
4. Inland cities had limited access to trade routes and ports

What does urbanised mean?

1. When most people live in the countryside
2. When most people live inside city's
3. When most people live from trade
4. When most people live from agriculture

Read:"Farmers, merchants and craftsman"
Answer: Explain what "raw materials" are