revision parts of speech B2G

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

name some action verbs?

VERB =

an action

a state of being= stative verbs

  emotions:     Peter loves pizza 

  Peter is loving pizza  

  Mental states:  I agree with you

  I am agreeing with you

  He knows I'm right

  He is knowing I'm right

   

   senses: I hear some music

   I am hearing some music

   Possession: we have a blue Toyota

   we are having a blue Toyota

  Others: this pumpkin weighs 5 kilo

  this pumpkin is weighing 5 kilo

Non-action verbs

( stative verbs)

Not a physical action

These verbs cannot be used in the present continuous.

which one is correct?

1. Sally hates pizza with brocolli
2. Sally is hating brocolli pizza

which one is correct in use?

1. I'm believing you are right.
2. I believe you are right!
3. I want my money back!
4. I'm wanting my money back

Which one is correct?

1. I smell apple pie
2. I'm smelling apple pie
3. We have a house
4. we are having a house

which one is correctly used?

1. the pumpkin weighs 5 kilo
2. the pumpkin is weighing 5 kilo
3. I'm loving the chocolate cake
4. I love the chocolate cake

ACTION VERBS

STATE VERBS

realise

read

know

keep

need

see

watch

search

taste

draw

However,

Non-active verbs can also be used as active verbs

have

(possession)

state verb

I have a car

(= I own a car)

She has a cat

(=she owns a cat)

have

action verb

I'm having lunch now

( = I am eating lunch)

We're having fun

(= we're experiencing fun)

Think

(mental state)

I think it's an excellent plan

Think

action verb

I'm thinking of going to the park

smell

(sense)

state verb

That apple pie smells delicious

( it has a good smell)

smell

(sense)

action verb

She's smelling the apple pie as it bakes in the oven 

(she's sniffing it )

underline the subject of the sentence. Identify the type of verb and circle them.

Action verbs:

1) The president spoke proudly at his inauguration

2) Ben and Jerry opened a successful ice cream business.

3) My teammate dribbled, shot and scored.

4) The rain poured down on us during the picnic.

Action verbs:

1) The president spoke proudly at his inauguration

2) Ben and Jerry opened a successful ice cream business.

3) My teammate dribbled, shot and scored.

4) The rain poured down on us during the picnic.

underline the subject of the sentence. Identify the type of verb and cirdle them.

State verbs

1) We are all human beings.

2 The test was hard.

3) Aliens are not test takers

4) Therefore, an alien is not a human

5) I didn't agree with the way things were done.

6) I think she is German.

State verbs

1) We are all human beings.

2 The test was hard.

3) Aliens are not test takers

4) Therefore, an alien is not a human

5) I didn't agree with the way things were done.

6) I think she is German.

COMMON NOUN

Used to name people, places or things in GENERAL. 

It refers to the class or type of person or thing  ( without being specific)

examples: girl, city, animal, house, fruit

PROPER NOUN

Used to name a SPECIFIC ( or individual) person, place or thing. 

Proper nouns begin with a capital letter.

Examples: John, London, France, Pluto

the teacher's nails scratched the chalkboard in a very unsettling manner.

The walnuts fell from the tree and covered the ground

I love apple pie in the fall

1. apple
2. the fall
3. pie
4. love

Freedom is not something to be taken lightly

A little bit of kindness can
make a huge difference

Countable Nouns

Have a singular and a plural form and can be used with 

a numer or a/an before it.

Examples: car, desk, cup, house, bike

Uncountable Nouns

Cannot be counted. They often refer to substances, liquids, and abstract ideas.

They are sometimes called Mass Nouns.

examples: wood ( a substance or material)

air,

milk ( a liquid)

happiness ( an abstract idea)

underline the abstract nouns  and collective nouns

1) Life is full of surprises and mysteries

2) Jealousy is the thief of joy.

3) We went to visit the litter of puppies, hoping we could take one home.

4) The crowd cheered when the opposing player missed his shot.

5) don't stick that wad of homework into your binder.

1) Life is full of surprises and mysteries

2) Jealousy is the thief of joy.

3) We went to visit the litter of puppies, hoping we could take one home.

4) The crowd cheered when the opposing player missed his shot.

5) don't stick that wad of homework into your binder.

So what is a collective noun:

A word used to represent a group of people, animals, or things

e.g. team, crowd , flock, choir, group

People:

a band of musicians

a team of players 

a crowd of people

a gang of thieves

a pack of thieves

a class of students

a board of directors

Animals:

an army of ants, 

a flock of birds, 

a flock of sheep, 

a herd of deer, 

a hive of bees, 

a litter of puppies, 

a pack of wolves, 

a murder of crows.

things:

a bouquet of flowers

a bunch of flowers

a fleet of ships

a forest of tress

a galaxy of stars

a pack of cards

a pack of lies

a pair of shoes

a range of mountains

Sometimes the collective nouns can be shared across the categories,

e.g. a pack of thieves, a pack of wolves, a pack of lies, a pack of cards, a pack of hounds

A collective noun can be singular or plural

The shoal was moving north

shoal is singuar- considered as one unit

The shoal were darting in all directions

shoal is plural considered as lots of individuals

There is always an incredible crowd that follows me ( boxer Mohamed Ali)

you can't always switch the collective nouns like:

a bouquet of wolves, a swarm of students, a litter of ships

 ?

A swarm of students 

( image of lots of students in a frenzy)

A pack of ships

( ships hunting like wolves or thieves- it brings pirates to mind)

A forest of soldiers 

( thousands of soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder)

Top Tip 

you can use the wrong collective noun as a literary technique

 

A swarm of protesters ran from the police

Swarm

- angry, 

-unorganised, 

-large number, 

-in a frenzy

Compound Nouns

Two or more words that create a noun. 

They can be written as one word, joined by a hyphen or written as separate words.

Compound nouns can be written as one word or as separate words or joined by a hyphen (-)

Rainfall, son-in-law, credit card. 

The stress is on the first part of the word.

I enjoy painting in my spare time.
what word is painting?

1. noun
2. verb

My favourite hobby is baking. I love to make cakes.
what word is baking?

1. noun
2. verb

We often go camping in the summer holidays.
camping is?

1. noun
2. verb

My sister's hobby is camping. She loves being outdoors.
what word is camping?

1. noun
2. verb