Chapter 2: between wars

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

What are we going to discuss in this chapter?

The Treaty of Versailles
The roaring twenties

The Great Depression USA -> World

The rise of Adolf Hitler

Treaty of Versailles, 1919

Tekst

Based on the last slides, how can you describe the roaring twenties?

The stock market

• Farmers and companies borrowed money to invest.
• Credit was used to buy stocks on the stock market.
• The Stock market crashed on Black Thursday 1929.
• The borrowed money couldn't be paid back.
• Companies, factories and banks went bankrupt.
• Many people lost their jobs

The Great Depression is called so because:

1. millions of people were depressed when they lost their jobs
2. it was a long and deep crisis that affected all Western industrialised countries
3. millions of people were disappointed that the Roaring Twenties were over
4. the United States had never faced an economic crisis of this size before

Why did the 1929 depression spread from the US to Europe?

1. Because the Americans bought stocks in Europe
2. Because the Americans sold their European stocks
3. Because there was a complicated set of loans and payments between US, France, UK and Germany and this fell apart because of the Wall Street Crash
4. Because of a complicated plan to repay the UK and France for the war effort, this included German minister Jakob Dawes selling US stocks at the Weimar stock exchange

Which statement is true?
Statement I: The Weimar Republic was a democratic state with a parliament and a president.
Statement II: The government of the Weimar Republic could not end the political unrest in Germany.

1. Both statements are true.
2. Both statements are false.
3. Statement I is false and statement II is true.
4. Statement I is true and statement II is false.

Meanwhile in Germany, Hitler planned to avenge Germany for the end of World War I and the Treaty of Versailles. Name at least two thing from the Treaty of Versailles

Hitler's rise to power...

Why would Hitler benefit from an economic crisis?

1. during a crisis people lose faith in their government and are more willing to follow a strong leader who will solve the problems
2. during a crisis many people lose their jobs. Hitler knew that only communism could save them.
3. Hitler knew that Germany could no longer pay the Reparations, so he got his revenge for the Treaty of Versailles
4. Hitler knew that Germans would all blame the Jews for this crisis and thus vote for him.

Hitler becomes a dictator

1933: Hitler's political party, the NSDAP, wins the elections

Soon thereafter, Hitler passed a law that made de NSDAP the only political party of Germany

What is a dictator?

Why did Hitler want to avenge World War I & the Treaty of Versailles?

Hitler received a gift...

How did the burning of the Reichstag help Hitler?

1. It helped him to start an attack on Jewish shopkeepers
2. It helped him to get rid of the communists
3. It helped him to start the new curriculum in schools
4. It helped him to get out of prison quicker

What was the Enabling Act?

1. A set of laws that determined the rights of Jews in Germany
2. A set of laws that granted Hitler the title of Führer
3. A set of laws that allowed Hitler to rule without the Reichstag
4. A set of laws that granted Hindenburg the right to veto Hitler

SS

SA

The Night of the Long Knives

On the 30th of June 1934 Hitler initiated a purge which would later become known as the Night of the Long Knives. To who was this purge directed to?

1. To Jews
2. To Communists
3. To the former politicians who were part of the Weimar Republic
4. To disobedient members of the Nazi party

What did Hitler do to German democracy when he came to power in 1933?