Cell cycle & mitosis

Cell cycle & Mitosis
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Cette leçon contient 19 diapositives, avec quiz interactifs, diapositives de texte et 2 vidéos.

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Cell cycle & Mitosis

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Learning objectives
  • List and describe the steps of the cell cycle
  • List and describe the phases of mitosis
  • Describe changes in number of chromosomes during the      steps of the cell cycle and mitosis
  • Describe changes in DNA content during the steps of the cell cycle and mitosis

Slide 2 - Diapositive

Cell cycle

  • Interphase:
      - G1-phase: growth, forming organelles
      - S-phase: DNA replication
      - G2-phase: growth, prep M-phase
  •  Cell division: M-phase
       - Mitosis or Meiosis

Slide 3 - Diapositive

S-phase
  • DNA replication
  • Chromosomes: DNA wrapped around proteins
  • Centromere: point at which two chromatids connect
  • Number of chromosomes = number of centromeres 
  • Chromatid: half of a replicated chromosome
  • n: number of different types of chromosomes in a certain species, n=23 for humans. We have chromosomes in pairs (except in gametes)

Slide 4 - Diapositive

The G1, S and G2 phase together make up the:
A
Cell cycle
B
Interphase
C
Mitosis
D
Growth phase

Slide 5 - Quiz

In which phase of the cell cycle are organelles formed?
A
M phase
B
G1 Phase
C
G2 Phase
D
S phase

Slide 6 - Quiz

What is the name of the structure which connects the chromatids?
A
Centriole
B
Centromere
C
Controsome

Slide 7 - Quiz

Which applies?
A
4 chromosomes, 8 chromatids
B
8 chromosomes, 8 chromatids
C
8 chromosomes, 4 chromatids
D
8 chromosomes, 16 chromatids

Slide 8 - Quiz

Which applies?
A
4 chromosomes, 8 chromatids
B
8 chromosomes, 8 chromatids
C
8 chromosomes, 4 chromatids
D
8 chromosomes, 16 chromatids

Slide 9 - Quiz

M-phase
  • Cell division
  • Two options:
      - Mitosis: creating exact copies of the original cell (growth and repair)
      - Meiosis: creating cells with half the number of chromosomes for reproduction (the gametes)

Slide 10 - Diapositive

Mitosis
One cell will split in two exact copies

2n (46) --> 2n + 2n

Slide 11 - Diapositive

Prophase
  • Chromosomes coil and condense (each has two chromatids)
  • Nuclear membrane starts breaking down
  • Spindle apparatus appears 

Slide 12 - Diapositive

Metaphase
  • Centromeres lined up on the equator
  • Each chromatid attached to a spindle fibre 

Slide 13 - Diapositive

Anaphase
  • Separation of the sister chromatids 
  • Sister chromatids move to opposite poles, now called chromosomes

Slide 14 - Diapositive

Telophase
  • Chromosomes have reached poles
  • Nuclear membranes start forming
  • Chromosomes uncoil, become less visible 

Slide 15 - Diapositive

Cytokinesis
  • Actual splitting of cytoplasm 

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Homework

  • Watch the two video's below
  • Read the pages 99-105 from the book

Slide 17 - Diapositive

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Slide 18 - Vidéo

Slide 19 - Vidéo