Modals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

Modals

What is the Present Perfect
and how is it used?

When do we use it?

Used for experiences and events in the past, which are still relevant in the present. 

Examples: 

1. My family and I have tried escape rooms many times before.
2. He has taught English classes for four years now.
3. I have not folded my laundry yet.
4. She has already seen this film twice!

Structure of Present Perfect

Have / Has

+

Past participle (voltooid deelwoord / 3de rijtje)

"I always go to the cinema by myself."
change to Pres. Perf. (before)

"Helen did not do her homework."
change to Pres. Perf. (yet)

Do you ever think about it?
Change to Pres. Perf.

Modals

Can, could, be allowed to, be able to

• 
  

Can/ Could/ be allowed to/ be able to

hulpwerkwoorden

• kan je ze nooit als enige werkwoord in de zin gebruiken. Er moet altijd een werkwoord bij.
• 
  
• I cango. I could go. I am able to go. I am allowed to go......

kunnen/mogen

can +werkwoord

could+ werkwoord

be* able to + werkwoord

• am/ is/ are able to + werkwoord

be* allowed to + werkwoord

• am/is/are allowed to + werkwoord

can

could   

• Can = waarschijnlijk 
• 'It can become really hot in Africa.' 

• Could = iets minder waarschijnlijk 
• 'It could become really hot tomorrow.'

possibility

Can

- Likely (waarschijnlijk)

- Ability to do something

- Permission

- Asking for permission

Could

- Less likely (minder waarschijnlijk)

- Ability to do something (past tense of can)

- Permission (past tense of can)

- Asking for permission politely

Can, could, be able to, be allowed to

Can, could, to be able to, to be allowed to

Can/could:                              

                         om aan te geven dat iets mogelijk is.

Waarschijnlijk: Can

Minder waarschijnlijk (twijfel): Could

Can, could, to be able to, to be allowed to

Can/could/to be able to

- Kunnen/in staat zijn om iets te doen

Can = present simple, Could = mogelijk, of verleden tijd van can.

To be able to kan altijd.

Can, could, to be able to, to be allowed to

Can/could/to be allowed to

-Bij mogen of toestemming hebben

Can = present simple, Could = soms verleden tijd van can.
To be allowed to kan altijd.

Can, could, to be able to, to be allowed to

can	could	be able to	be allowed to
= kunnen / mogen	= zou kunnen, verleden tijd van can , beleefd vragen konden, mochten	= kunnen / in staat zijn kan in alle tijden	= mogen / toestemming vragen of hebben kan in alle tijden

CAN

COULD

BE ABLE TO

BE ALLOWED TO

kunnen /in staat zijn 

mogen/ toestemming krijgen

kunnen/ mogen/ mogelijk zijn 

zou kunnen/ zou mogen 

of konden/mochten

Mum says that I ____ (not - to go) out by myself.

1. cannot go
2. could not go
3. am not able to go
4. am not allowed to go

Person A: I can't find my parents.
Person B: They ___________ (to be) at home.

1. can be
2. are able to be
3. could be
4. will be allowed to be

.......... you take my turn, please?

1. Are ... allowed to
2. Can
3. Could
4. Are ... able to

I .......... be out this late at night. My father will be fuming when I get back!

1. Can not
2. Could not
3. Am not able to
4. Am not allowed to

Sorry, I .......... help you study for the test tomorrow. I would love to, but my schedule is full.

1. can not
2. could not
3. am not able to
4. am not allowed to

Look at her! What is she doing? She __________ (not - to play) football here.

1. can't play
2. is not able to play
3. could not play
4. is not allowed to play

We ___________ (to talk) during the test. If you talk, you have to hand in your test.

1. cannot talk
2. are not able to talk
3. could not talk
4. are not allowed to talk

I think that I _________ (to attend) classes today.

1. can attend
2. am able to attend
3. could attend
4. am allowed to attend

I _________ (not - to help) dad in the garden. I'm not feeling well.

1. am not able to help
2. could not help
3. cannot help
4. am not allowed to help

aan het werk

Unit 3 les 4:

Ex.5,6,7 p.110-111

Hw: Unit 3 les 4  Reading:

Ex.1,2,3,4 p.106-108

Have to, must, should.

You ____ save some money.

1. has to
2. have to
3. must
4. should

Have to, must, should.

All students in the UK ____ wear a uniform.

1. Must
2. should
3. has to
4. have to

Have to, must, should.

I ____ study today.

1. has to
2. have to
3. must
4. should

Have to, must, should.

Children ____ go to school.

1. have to
2. has to
3. must
4. should

have to - must - should

I ____ now, because I've got tennis practice this afternoon

1. have to go
2. should go
3. must go
4. should to go

Have to, must, should.

You ____ be quiet when the teacher is talking!

1. must
2. should
3. mustn't
4. shouldn't

Have to, must, should.

All soldiers ____ wear a uniform.

1. shouldn't
2. should
3. has to
4. must

verplichting

Advies

have to

has to

must

should