Fossils and evolution

• Science
• Upper Secondary (Key Stage 4)
• GCSE

Fossils and evolution

What are fossils?

1. Petroleum reserves found deep underground
2. Artifacts left behind by ancient civilizations
3. Mineral deposits formed by geological processes
4. Remains or traces of ancient organisms preserved in rock

What is paleontology?

1. The study of human origins and evolution
2. The study of celestial bodies and outer space
3. The study of fossils and prehistoric life
4. The study of ancient languages and scripts

How are fossils formed?

1. By the interaction of cosmic radiation with organic matter
2. Through a process of mineralization and petrification
3. Through rapid decay and decomposition
4. By exposure to extreme heat and pressure

What do fossils help scientists study?

1. Past environments, ecosystems, and evolutionary history
2. Modern human societies and cultures
3. Astronomical phenomena and celestial events
4. Geological processes and tectonic plate movement

What is a fossil?

1. The preserved remains or traces of organisms.
2. A living organism found in the ocean.
3. An ancient artifact created by humans.
4. A type of rock formation.

Which process forms a fossil?

1. The gradual replacement of organic material with minerals.
2. Direct petrification through contact with lava.
3. Submersion in water for an extended period.
4. Exposure to extreme heat and pressure.

What is the study of fossils called?

1. Geology.
2. Archeology.
3. Paleontology.
4. Meteorology.

In which type of rock are most fossils found?

1. Sedimentary rock.
2. Igneous rock.
3. Metamorphic rock.
4. Volcanic rock.

What is the age of a fossil determined by?

1. Counting the layers of rock above it.
2. Observing the size of the fossil.
3. Measuring the fossil's weight.
4. Radioactive dating methods.

Which scientist is credited with developing the theory of evolution by natural selection?

1. Louis Pasteur
2. Gregor Mendel
3. Charles Darwin
4. Isaac Newton

What is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral traits?

1. Circulation
2. Mitosis
3. Photosynthesis
4. Evolution

Which of the following is a major source of evidence for the theory of evolution?

1. Celestial bodies
2. Weather patterns
3. Fossil records
4. Chemical reactions

What is the name of the mechanism proposed by Darwin for evolution?

1. Genetic drift
2. Natural selection
3. Lamarckism
4. Artificial selection

Describe how a fossil is made when a dinosaur died