The Greek world

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• Leerjaar 1

The Greek world

Hunters- gatherers

The antiquity: time of the Greeks and Romans

The Ancient Egyptians

3000 BC

500 AD

In 146 BC the Romans conquered ancient Greece

Watch the clip and answer the following questions:

What does the clip tell you about:

- Politics in Athens - how did this work?

- Greek gods - what was their function?

- The Oracle of Delphi - What did she do?

- The Ancient Olympics - In what way is it different from today's

Learning goals:

you will learn: 

I. how autonomous city states formed in Greece

II. how the Greeks spread out over a large area

III. what contact the Greeks had with each other and other people

IV. characteristics of society in Athens

V. characteristics of society in Sparta

city state is a state that consists of a city and the surrounding area

The Greek word for city state is polis

City centre:

The Agora and acropolis  

Surrounding area: farms and villages. Farmers grow olives, fruits, grapes, vegetables and grain. 

They sell everything at the agora.

Greek city- states were autonomous.

What would 'autonomous' mean?

Autonomous  city states

• Greece was not one state, but: consisted of 150 independent city-states (poleis) separated by mountains and hills.
• It was a agricultural urban society
  
• The city-states had their own administration and laws.

Many cities were built around an acropolis, a fortress on a hill or a rock

Draw your own city-state

What should be in your city-state:

- An agora

- Government buildings

- A market

- A temple

- An acropolis

- A theatre

Colonies outside Greece

Greece was very barren due to the dry climate and rocky soil (only 20% was suitable for agriculture)

colony area where a group of people goes to live ( outside its own area)

Around 750 BC. the Greeks had colonies in Spain, France, Italy and Turkey

Colonies outside Greece

• The Greek colonies were ruled like autonomous city states, but had a lot of contact and trade with the city they came from.

• Through the Greek colonies, the people of the Mediterranean became familiar with Greek culture (such as: mythology, sculpture, etc.)
  

What's a colony?

1. A city-state where 'the people' are in charge
2. An area of a country/city state outside that land/city state.
3. An independent state consisting of a city and surrounding area.
4. A polis where the nobility is in power.

Explain in your own words why colonisation was needed.

• Read pages 48 to 51 in your textbook
• Make the questions of 3.1 from the workbook

Do you have questions about city states and colonisation?

Akropolis

Dit is akropolis van Athene. Hierop konden de mensen vluchten bij oorlog en werden tempels gebouwd.   

‘De agora van Athene. Commercieel, sociaal en politiek hart van de stad.’  

Kenmerken van de Griekse samenleving:

- Handel en nijverheid

- gebruik van schrift

- gebruik van geld

- sociale lagen (mannen met burgerschap, migranten, vrouwen en slaven)

Nijverheid

• Het commerciële hart van de stad was de agora
  
  
• Op de agora was de markt met daaromheen tempels en overheidsgebouwen
  
  
• In de loop der tijd zijn er steeds meer ambachten ontstaan: bakker, metselaar, wever, schilder, scheepsbouwer. Al deze ambachten worden samen wel nijverheid genoemd

Ontmoeting van culturen

• De Grieken leerden schrijven van de feniciërs en ontwikkelden een eigen schrift
  
  
• Via Turkije kwamen de Grieken in contact met geld, en namen dit systeem over
  
  
• Er ontstond een geldeconomie in de Griekse wereld

Slavernij

• Slaven waren erg belangrijk voor de Grieken; ze deden een groot deel van het werk in de stadstaten
  
  
• 1/3 van de Griekse bevolking was slaaf
  
  
• Slaven waren meestal krijgsgevangen uit oorlogen