3.5 Arid climates

3.5 Arid climates
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3.5 Arid climates

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Learning objectives
After studying this section, you will be able to:
  • Describe two different arid climates
  • Explain why the world’s deserts are arid

Slide 2 - Diapositive

Arid climates
Arid = Dry.

Desert climate (BW) = Climate zone with very little to no precipitation and high evaporation.

Steppe climate (BS) = Climate zone with some precipitation during the wet season, nearly balanced with evaporation rate.

Slide 3 - Diapositive

What is true about a climate graph?
A
the blue bars are about temperature
B
the blue bars are about precipitation
C
the red line is about temperature
D
the red line is about precipitation

Slide 4 - Quiz

Deserts
Daily maximum and minimum temperatures vary wildly in some deserts: there are no clouds to reflect sunlight during the day or function as “insulation” during the night.

Slide 5 - Diapositive

BW
A
Is a steppe climate
B
is a desert climate
C
is a arid climate
D
is a wet climate

Slide 6 - Quiz

Climate graph for Cairo, Egypt (BW).
Climate graph for Dakar, Senegal (BS).

Slide 7 - Diapositive

The line in a climate graph represents .....

Slide 8 - Question ouverte

Steppe landscape
  • It has more vegetation than a desert landscape. 
  • This semi-arid climate remains too dry for most tree species to grow. 
  • Dominated by grasses and shrubs, but less than in the savannah climate.

Slide 9 - Diapositive

The steppe landscape in the Sahel (Senegal).

Slide 10 - Diapositive

The Great Green Wall is an initiative designed to stop the desertification of the semi-arid Sahel region in Africa.

Slide 11 - Diapositive

Slide 12 - Vidéo

Talking point
What problems do humans face when they live in a desert climate?

Slide 13 - Diapositive

Slide 14 - Vidéo

What is a rain shadow?
A
Area that receives no rainfall on the leeward side of a mountain.
B
Area that receives rainfall on the windward side of a mountain.
C
Area that receives little rainfall on the windward side of a mountain.
D
Area that receives little rainfall on the leeward side of a mountain.

Slide 15 - Quiz

Sea currents
Important factor in the location of deserts:
  • Cold water evaporates less easily than warm water;
  • Wind blowing from the sea to the land carries less moisture with it.

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Slide 17 - Diapositive

The northern Atacama Desert is located in the rain shadow of the Andes Mountains.

Slide 18 - Diapositive

Essence
Arid areas exist in very different parts of the world and can be both hot and cold. Köppen differentiated between the desert climate and the steppe climate. The steppe climate is located on the edge of a desert climate. Deserts can form due to zones of high air pressure, the rain shadow created by mountain ranges, prevailing wind direction and cold ocean currents.

Slide 19 - Diapositive

Homework 3HT
Make sure you have C3 par. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 finished before monday 25th of January

Slide 20 - Diapositive