3 - Network Performance

• Computing
• Further Education (Key Stage 5)

Network Performance

What is a Network Topology?

Network Topologies

In networking, topology refers to the physical or logical arrangement of devices in a network. 

It describes the way in which devices, such as computers, servers, routers, switches, and other network components, are connected to each other and how they communicate and exchange data.

What are the different Topologies?

A type of network configuration where devices are connected in a circular manner, forming a closed loop. In this setup, each device is connected to exactly two other devices, creating a continuous pathway for data transmission

What is a 'Star' Topology?

A star network (probably the most commonly used today) has a central computer or server that is directly connected to all workstations, while each workstation is connected indirectly to every other through the central computer.

Star Topology - Pros & Cons

Benefits of Star Topology:

Ease of Troubleshooting:

Issues can be quickly identified and resolved at the central hub without disrupting the entire network.

Scalability:

Additional devices can be easily added to the network by connecting them to the central switch.

Performance:

Direct connections between devices and the central hub minimize latency and enhance data transfer speeds.

Potential Drawbacks:

Central Point of Failure:

If the central switch fails, the entire network becomes inoperable until it is repaired or replaced.

Cost:

Initial setup costs can be higher due to the need for a high-quality switch and extensive cabling.

Can devices communicate directly with each other in a 'Star' topology?

1. No, all communication goes through the central hub or switch
2. Yes, devices can communicate directly with each other
3. Yes, but only if they are connected to the same central hub or switch
4. It depends on the type of devices being used

What is a 'Mesh' Topology?

In a mesh topology, devices are connected to each other in a complex, interconnected network. Data can be transmitted between devices in multiple paths, making the network highly resilient and fault-tolerant.

Mesh Topology -Pros & Cons

Pros of Mesh Topology

High Reliability:

Multiple pathways for data transmission mean the network can sustain multiple failures without a loss of connectivity.

Ensures continuous network availability, which is critical for data centers and other mission-critical environments.

Scalability:

New nodes can be added without disrupting the existing network.

Each new node increases the redundancy and potential pathways for data.

Redundancy:

The interconnection of nodes ensures there are always alternative routes for data transmission, minimizing the risk of a single point of failure.

Efficient Load Balancing:

Data can be distributed across multiple paths, preventing network congestion and ensuring optimal performance.

Cons of Mesh Topology

High Cost:

The need for extensive cabling and multiple network devices increases the initial setup and maintenance costs.

Full mesh networks require significant investment in hardware.

Complex Installation and Maintenance:

Setting up a mesh network is complex and time-consuming.

Ongoing maintenance requires specialized knowledge and can be resource-intensive.

Management Overhead:

Managing and monitoring a mesh network requires sophisticated network management tools and expertise.

Troubleshooting issues can be more challenging due to the numerous interconnected paths.

Increased Latency:

In some cases, the multiple hops between nodes can introduce latency, especially in large-scale mesh networks.

What is the advantage of a Mesh Topology?

1. Easy to set up
2. Requires less cabling
3. No single point of failure
4. Highly reliable and fault-tolerant

Privately owned network environment

Small geographical area

Large geographical area

WAN

LAN

Leased Lines 

Used at homes

Used in businesses with many sites.

Uses VPN's for secure connectivity.

LAN means local area network. 

WAN means wide area network. 

LANs connect users and applications in close geographical proximity (same building). 

WANs connect users and applications in geographically dispersed locations (across the globe

Types of topology

Ring topology is a type of network configuration where devices are connected in a circular manner, forming a closed loop. In this setup, each device is connected to exactly two other devices, creating a continuous pathway for data transmission.

Mesh topology is a network configuration where devices are interconnected in a decentralized manner. Instead of relying on a central hub or switch, each device connects directly to multiple other devices, forming a mesh-like structure.