§3.2 Transition to sustainable energy sources

• Aardrijkskunde
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• Leerjaar 3

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                            Aardrijkskunde

CH3.2

Geography

Today

.. You learn about conventional and non-conventional fossil fuels with the example of fracking & tarsands

.. You understand that non-conventional does not mean sustainable

Traditional Energy Sources

Terms  you should be able to explain after this lesson:

• fossil fuels
• non-renewable sources
• conventional oil and gas
• shale gas
• fracking
• tar sand
• source rock / reservoir rock (2.5)

Why aren't fossil fuels sustainable?

Traditionel resources

Fossil fuels -->  exhaustible energy sources 

Conventional oil and gas

'Easy' to extract

Conventional -> "usual"
"normal"

What is the difference between conventional gas extraction and fracking for shale gas?

Shalegas, is not stuck in porous rock like sandstone (reservoir rock) by an impermeable layer like rock salt, but is trapped between layers of shale/slate                                                     (source rock)

Water, sand and chemicals break this rock and keep the new cracks open so gas can travel out

Conventioneel vs. Onconventioneel

Conventioneel: Voorraad van een fossiele energiebron die aantoonbaar of vermoedelijk kan worden gewonnen met de tot nu toe gebruikelijke methoden en kosten.

Onconventioneel: Voorraad van een fossiele brandstof (teerzand, leisteenolie, schaliegas) die afwijkt van:
vorm - zekerheid - economische & technische winbaarheid

kost buitengewoon veel moeite, geld én energie om te winnen.
+ komt veel koolstofdioxide vrij bij het proces
+ veel overige vervuiling en aantasting van natuurlandschappen. 

Tarsands

Sedimented sand and clay that contain bitumen, an oil like substance

• Difficult to extract, expensive process
• Environmentally unfriendly

Tarsand excavation

01:18

Which two changes lead to the growth of the area where tarsands are mined?

1. More tarsands were discovered
2. the world market price for oil rose
3. new technology was developed
4. there was a political interest to earn more money

02:02

What's true about the size of the tarsand fields?

1. half of the Dutch provinces would fit in this area
2. The Netherlands would fit about 21x times into it
3. The Netherlands would fit 3.5x in this region
4. It's about the size of the province of Groningen

06:00

Which drawbacks could be experienced about by humans when tarsands are extracted?
(have you seen the film Erin Brokovich?)

07:07

Name a benefit and drawback of mining tarsands

conventional reserves

another 50 years? 100 years?

non-conventional reserves

more difficulty,  time & energy 

Let's make 3.2

3.1 exercises were 1-6

Check your answers of 3.1 with the online method & reflect or check your paper work with the answersheet in Teams

Use 3.2

Make 3.2 1, 3, 4, 5