2t Bricks ch. 1 par. 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

which organs belong to the respiratory system?

Put these words in the correct order. (start with inhaling)
Alveoli, bronchiole, bronchi, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea

lower repiratory system

trachea - windpipe

bronchi

brionchioles

alveoli

Which cells hold onto the dust you inhale?

1. Olfactory cells
2. Mucus producing cells
3. Nose hairs
4. Ciliated cells

From big to small. Which order is correct?

1. Bronchus - alveoli - bronchioles
2. Alveoli - bronchioles - bronchus
3. Bronchi - bronchioles - alveoli
4. Windpipe - bronchus - bronchi

Name 3 short reasons why it is healthier to breathe through your nose

What are the olfactory cells used for?

1. the exchange of gas molecules
2. clearing the nasal cavity of dust particles
3. they are used for the sense of smell
4. Clearing the bronchiole of dust particles

Laughing while drinking soda, might end up in soda leaving your nose because the .... opened

1. Uvula
2. Epiglottis
3. Larynx
4. Pharynx

The vocal chords are located in the ____
Select the best answer

1. Pharynx
2. Larynx
3. The epiglottis
4. The throat

This is the place where the nasal cavity and oral cavity come together

What is the function of the epiglottis ?

1. It makes sure air will enter the oesophagus
2. It closes off the trachea while exhaling
3. It closes off the oesophagus when swallowing
4. It closes off the trachea when swallowing

nasal cavity

oral cavity

nostril

larynx

lung

bronchus

trachea

diaphram

pharynx

left lung

trachea

bronchus

bronchioles

alveoli

revision paragraph 1.2:

Which process is shown in the picture?

1. Diffusion
2. Osmosis
3. Gas exchange
4. Respiration

Which process is shown in the picture?

1. Diffusion
2. Osmosis
3. Gas exchange
4. Respiration

Which of the following processes do not take place in the alveoli?

1. Filtering the air
2. Gas exchange
3. Respiration
4. Diffusion

In diffusion a substance moves from ...

1. a high to a low concentration
2. a low to a high concentration

explain the meaning of diffusion in your own words

Diffusion of oxygen and carbondioxide is important. Explain why this is.

What is the formula of respiration? 

+

+

+

Glucose

Oxygen

Energy

Carbon dioxide

Water

The gas produced during respiration

1. CO2
2. O2
3. H2O
4. N

During respiration glucose is broken down to release

1. Water
2. CO2
3. Energy
4. Oxygen

Where does the glucose, needed for cellular respiration, come from?

1. Photosynthesis in plants
2. Gas exchange
3. Respiration
4. It is a waste product from photosynthesis

The excess of energy released through cellular respiration is (mostly) released as

1. movement
2. heat
3. electricity
4. it is stored as fat

Write down the process of cell respiration like this
1 + 2 3 + 4 + energy

breathing vs cellular respiration

Breathe in... and out

Paragraph 3: Like a pair of bellows

Ways of breathing

Thoracic inhalation:

IT HAPPENS IN THIS ORDER!

1. Intercostal muscles contract
2. Ribs move upward and forward
3. Chest becomes bigger
4. Lungs become bigger
   
5. air is sucked into the lungs

Thoracic exhalation:

IT HAPPENS IN THIS ORDER!

1. Intercostal muscles relax
   
2. Ribs move downward and backward
3. Chest becomes smaller
4. Lungs become smaller
   
5. Air is pushed out of the lungs

Abdominal inhalation:

IT HAPPENS IN THIS ORDER!

1. Abdominal muscles contract
   
2. The diaphragm contracts and moves down
3. Chest becomes bigger
4. Lungs become bigger
   
5. Air is sucked into the lungs

Abdominal exhalation:

IT HAPPENS IN THIS ORDER!

1. Abdominal muscles relax
   
2. The diaphragm moves up
3. Chest becomes smaller
4. Lungs become smaller
   
5. Air is pushed out of the lungs

THORACIC INHALATION

THORACIC EXHALATION

ABDOMINAL INHALATION

ABDOMINAL EXHALATION

intercostal muscles contract

intercostal muscles relax

diaphragm relaxes

diaphragm contracts

chest becomes smaller

the diaphragm moves up

chest becomes bigger

This way of breathing is:... ?

Diaphragmatic breathing is used during / in...

1. your sleep and while resting
2. action
3. both
4. neither

Recap: diaphragmatic breathing

This way of breathing is:...

Chest breathing is used during / in

1. your sleep and while resting
2. action
3. both
4. neither

Combined breathing

spirometer: measures lung volume, but which one?

• tidal volume: volume of air you breathe in or out
  
• vital capacity: when you exhale as much as you can
  
• residual volume: what's left after you exhale as much as you can
  

               lung volume = vital + residual volume