Yr 3 Ch2 part 1 extras

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Topics for today (part of test) :

1. Pangea and the falling apart

2. Dinosaurs extinction and consequences

3. Determine absolute age (radio-activity)

4. Formation of fossil fuels

Pangaea (during the Permian)

What are the two subjects that gave geologists the knowledge about the history of the earth

In what way are breaking up of Pangea and rising sea level related?

2.3: Q.7 The remains of Mammoths have been found on the bottom of the North Sea. Explain how this is possible

Topics for today (part of test) :

1. Pangea and the falling apart

2. Dinosaurs extinction and consequences

3. Determine absolute age (radio-activity)

4. Formation of fossil fuels

Direct consequences

Indirect consequences

debris flying around

solar eclipse

plants die due to lack of sunlight

Forest fires across the world

Big fat crater in Mexico

Meteorite turning to dust

Acid rain

Temperatures around crater rose to 1000 degrees

Food shortage

World temperature decreased

Topics for today (part of test) :

1. Pangea and the falling apart

2. Dinosaurs extinction and consequences

3. Determine absolute age (radio-activity)

4. Formation of fossil fuels

Relative age

The age of a rock layer in comparison to the surrounding layers

Example: There are only trilobites in the lowest layer, so this must be the oldest

Absolute age

Based on chemical analysis, scientiest determine the 'exact' age of a rock or fossil

Example: This rock layer is 420 million years old

Could layer 3 have been from the Ordovician, Jurassic or Tertiary?

relative age

Topics for today (part of test) :

1. Pangea and the falling apart

2. Dinosaurs extinction and consequences

3. Determine absolute age (radio-activity)

4. Formation of fossil fuels

Q. 2: How does this dead fish becoming a fossil until it is found?

The soft parts perish

The fish remains are buried by layers of sediment

The sedimentary layers turn into rock

The rock is moved up to the surface

The fossil is removed from the rock with a hammer and chisel

    coal

  natural gas

 crude oil

Natural gas

Coal

Crude oil

Consists off compressed plant material

Forms when plant and animal remains are pressed together

Consists of compressed material of animal remains

During the carboniferous: a major part of the world looked like this

2.9: The black gold

Thanks to what layer has Poetin become so rich?

1. impermeable layer above the oil field
2. impermeable layer below the oil field
3. there must have been a desert in the past
4. coal finally turned into gas

Oil and gas get stuck in folds or fractures

Drag the sources of energy to the correct place in the graph.

4%

11%

38%

42%

Natural gas

Coal

Crude oil

Sustainable energy

Q. 3a: Give two reasons why the thin layer of clay with iridium is so important as evidence of the meteorite impact

Why is the ozon layer so important for life?

Changing conditions

Consequences

Sufficient oxygen

Extinction of dinosaurs

Hunted by humans

Ozone layer that protects against UV

Meteorite impact

The rising cilimate temperature and changing landscape

The development of land plants

Extinction mammoth

Extinction dinosaurs

The strong rise of mammals

The development of land animals

Extinction of the tiger

How did the meteorite impact cause mammals to flourish?

What influences what? Put in the right order with correct explanation

Explanation 1>2

Explanation 2>3

Temperature on earth

Sea level

Volcanic activity

Due to CO2 increase temp. rises

Because it is hotter, ice melts and sea level rises

Put the process of coal formation in the correct order

1

2

3

5

6

4

Dead trees and plant remains end up under water

A thick layer of plant and tree remains develops

The water lacks oxygen which stops the plants from rotting

Layers of sediment close off the plant remains from the atmosphere

The layer is pressed under high pressure and high temperature

The area subsides

Drag the phases of associated gas formation in the right order

1

2

3

4

5

Crude oil formation

New layers of sediment pressurize the parent rock

The pressure causes natural gas to form

The gas rises up towards the atmosphere

Except when there is an impenetrable layer above the gas, which keeps it inside the ground