1.9 Winners and losers in Europe

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§9 Winnaars & verliezers in Europa

1.9 Winners and losers in Europe

Industrialisation:
Heavy industry (iron, steel, ship construction) & Labour-intensive (textile, clothes)

Ontwikkeling

Arm & rijk

- Interne & externe factoren

* Wat is ontwikkeling?

Steam engine during industrial revolution

Rise of steel industry

Why did this go away in Germany?

Low wage
countries

Globalisation

The succes of the Ruhr area ended after 1965

Due to globalisation:

> cheaper production

> different rules

> Low wages

>>> de-industialisation

area has a lot of potential  because of highly educated inhabitants

www.schunck.nl

Industry in Europe is no longer needed ( on a large scale) if we continue to work together economically 

-> De-industrialisation & Restructuring

Before       -->

NOW

Restructuring

favourable

For the Ruhr area restructuring was not too hard.

- many people to sell products to

- accessible

- good labour market

Agglomeration

agglomeration advantage (synergy)

around big industries are often many small companies

they need eachother

-> suppliers

-> hightechcompanies (research)

agglomeration advantage

many small companies in a region -> attract big companies:

-> Finance

- > Insurance companies

Knowledge therefore humans are needed:

-> universities

-> people move between jobs and bring knowledge along

Homework:

Find a building that has a different purpose nowadays than it did before.

Write this down in your notebook (before & now & what it is & where you can find this)