The past perfect tenses

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

Welcome, 4H3

Monday, October the ninth

Miss Sprenkeling

Homework for today:

Life vision 1.4 p. 12

Check your homework: 

Teams - lesmateriaal - SB key - p.35

The past & perfect tenses

the past simple + continuous

the present perfect + continuous

the past perfect

I CYCLED to school yesterday

1. Past simple
2. Past continuous
3. Present perfect continuous
4. present perfect

At 8.30 yesterday morning, I WAS CYCLING to school.

1. Past simple
2. Past continuous
3. Present perfect continuous
4. present perfect

Past simple 

Completed actions in the past 

I cycled to school yesterday

WW + ed / 2e rijtje

Often with a time expression to indicate when it happened

Did I cycle to school yesterday?

I didn't cycle to school yesterday.

Past continuous 

Actions in progress in the past

At 8.30, I was cycling to school.

was / were + ww + ing

Often with an exact time expression to indicate when it was happening

Was I cycling to school at 8.30?

I wasn't cycling to school at 8.30.

Past simple + past continuous in one sentence

past continuous - longer action

past simple - shorter (completed) action

Often seperated by the word when/while

She was studying when her mom
knocked on the door

You can also turn the sentence around:

My mom knocked on the door when she was studying

I HAVEN'T READ that book yet.

1. present perfect
2. pas continuous
3. present perfect continuous
4. past perfect

She HAS BEEN STUDYING a lot for her math test.

1. present perfect
2. past continuous
3. past simple
4. present perfect continuous

Present perfect (simple)

Actions that started in the past and are still going on/have an effect 

Have you done your homework yet?

have / has + ww + ed / 3e rijtje 
Often with a time expression to indicate when it started.

Have you done your homework yet?

I haven't done my homework yet.

Signal words:

For

Yet

Never

Ever

Just

Already

Since

Present perfect continuous

To emphasize the length of the action and that it's still in progress

I've been learning to drive for 6 months.

Have / has + been + ww + ing

Often used with 'How long'  / 'for' / 'since'

Have I been learning how to drive?

I haven't been learning how to drive.

When I got home, my brother HAD MADE dinner

1. past simple
2. present perfect
3. past perfect

The past perfect

To talk about something that happened before another past action

When I got home, my brother had made dinner.

had + ww + ed / 3e rijtje (past participle)

Had my brother made dinner when I got home?

My brother hadn't made dinner when I got home.

I left home at 7.45 AM so at 08.00 AM I ____________________.

1. drove
2. have driven
3. was driving

The waiter ___________ our drinks while he was serving us.

1. dropped
2. has dropped
3. was dropping

Rosie was tired because she ________ a very busy day.

1. has been having
2. had
3. had had

I __________ in a helicopter but I'd like to!

1. was never flying
2. have never flown
3. never flew

Finish your homework

Finish grammar booster 1.5 (p.133)

Check your answers 

(TEAMS - Lesmateriaal - SB key - p.159)