H3b -6.6 modals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

H3B - Grammar unit 5+6

1. Wash your hands

2. Wipe your table

3. Place your books on the table

4. Put your phone away

TODAY

• Agenda, announcements, attendance
• Homework check (15 + 16)
• Grammar: Modals
• Practice
• Feedback presentations

Announcements

Grammar - Conditionals - step-by-step

Decide which the conditional by looking at the meaning:

Fact / something that will happen if conditions are met/ request? > 

first conditional

Very unlikely to happen? > second conditonal

Find the if-part and the main sentence:

First-conditional > If = present simple, main = will + dictionary verb

second-conditional > if = past simple, main = would + dictionary verb

Check: 

Negative sentences: present simple gets 'do/does not', past simple gets 'did not', will/would simply add 'not'

Grammar - Homework check 15 + 16

Grammar - modals

Moeten

Grammar - Modals - Moeten (positief)

Must

persoonlijke noodzaak / kan niet anders (het moet wel zo zijn) 

Must + dictionary verb

1. You ____ (drink) more water when it's so hot outside! 

2. I ____ (train) every day, so that I become strong enough to win this competition.

3. You ____ (be) sweating so much with that sweater on.

have to

verplichting / iemand anders zegt wat je moet doen

have to + dictionary verb

should / ought to

zou(den) eigenlijk moeten / advies

ought to > netter + sterker

Should/ought to + dictionary verb

Grammar - Modals - Moeten (negatief)

Mustn't

Dingen die niet mogen (van anderen)

Mustn't + dictionary verb

1. Look at that sign, you ____ (smoke) in this area.

2. You ____ (smoke). It's not only bad for your health but also very expensive.

3. She ____ (print) the files, I can also do it when I'm done here.

don't/doesn't have to

Je hoeft iets niet te doen (maar het mag wel)

[don't/doesn't] + have to + dictionary verb

shouldn't 

Advies / zou eigenlijk niet moeten

Shouldn't + dictionary verb

Grammar - modals

Kunnen

Grammar - Modals - Kunnen

Can

Iets mogen/kunnen doen, in staat zijn, mogelijkheid, 

tegenwoordige tijd

can + dictionary verb

1. He promised that he ____ (join) the football training tomorrow morning. 

2. Excuse me, ____ (you, pass) the sugar, please?

3. I ____ (run) around this field within 3 minutes. 

could

Iets mogen/kunnen doen, in staat zijn, mogelijkheid,

 verleden tijd + beleefdheid

could + dictionary verb

to be able to

Iets mogen/kunnen doen, in staat zijn, mogelijkheid,

 voor alle andere tijden (bijvoorbeeld future) 

[to be] + able to + dictionary verb

Grammar - modals

mogen

Grammar - Modals - Kunnen

May

Laten zien dat iets is toegestaan, zou kunnen (mogelijkheid)

may + dictionary verb

1. Why is Lisa not here? - She ____ (be) ill. 

2. I ____ (go out) until midnight since last year. 

3. I bought a lottery ticket. I ____ (win) this year. 

Might

zou misschien mogen, zou misschien kunnen (hele kleine kans)

beleefdheid

Might + dictionary verb

to be allowed to

Laten zien dat iets is toegestaan, zou kunnen (mogelijkheid)

 voor alle andere tijden (bijvoorbeeld future) 

[to be] + allowed to + dictionary verb

Practice / Homework

Do Grammar exercises 35, 36 (p. 73) and the hand-out