§2.1 Differences in development

• Aardrijkskunde
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 1

Welcome!

Chapter 2: Rich and poor in the world

Section 1: General section about differences in development

Section 2: How to measure economic development?

Section 3: How to measure human development?

Section 4: Causes

Section 5: Consequences

Section 6: Development and happiness

Section 1: Differences in development

Learning goals:

- Describe where we find the richest countries and the poorest countriest in the world

- Explain how development can differ within countries and cities

Important!

LEDC = less economical developed country

NIC = Newly Industrialising countries

MEDC = more economical developed country

What you will learn

• Describe where we find the richest countries and the poorest countries in the world
• Explain how development can differ within countries and cities

The North-South devide

•  Almost 8 billion people on earth
• But do they all live like us in The Netherlands?
• Differences in wealth

LEDC

•  Less Economically Developed Country
• Often countries in "The South"

MEDC

• More Economically Developed Country 
• Often countries in "The North"
• Above the 30''N latitude line

LEDC

•  Trying hard to develop
• Producing industrial goods
• Newly Industrializing Countries (NICs)
• All about the connotation
• Third world sounds bad
• LEDC sounds more neutral 

Feeling or idea that the word suggests

How to recognise rich and poor countries?

• Observe with your eyes
• Subjective
• Look at specific development indicators
• Objective

Influenced by your own meaning

Data that has little to no influence from people

Differences between the development is not only measurable (we learn different types of data in section 2 and 3) but you can also recognise it in pictures.

Find online a picture of a MEDC

Find online a picture of a LEDC

How do you recognize rich and poor?

Subjective observation:

• By looking at houses, infrastructure (roads, etc.) and people's belongings.
• On holiday, by looking at photographs or watching documentaries.
• This could lead to wrong conclusions.

Objective data:

• Development indicators.

There aren't only differences between countries but also within countries; we call these differences regional disparities.

Rural areas in LEDC's are normally poorer than urban areas. Therefore people move from the rural areas to cities, this is called rural-urban migration.

This rural-urban migration causes the growth of slums.

Explain why rural-urban migration causes slums to grow.

Why do people migrate from the rural to urban areas?

Rich and poor on different scales

• Global scale level: Rich and poor countries (North - South division).
• National scale level: Cities and countryside (regions).                        
• Regional disparities = Differences in the level of development between regions in one country.
• Local scale level: City centre / rich neighbourhoods and informal cities. People move from the countryside to the city = rural-urban migration.
• 'Slum' has a negative connotation, just like 'Third world country'. We therefore use the word informal city (= poor neighbourhood in a city).

True or False?
More Economically Developed Countries are found in the South!

1. True
2. False

Drag the countries to the right spot!

Less Economically Developed Country

More Economically Developed Country

Germany

Australia

Vietnam

Ethiopia

Canada

India

Drag the observations to the right picture!

First world country

Third world country

South

North

LEDC

MEDC

What type of observation did we just do?

1. Subjective
2. Objective

Which option has the most negative connotation?

1. Newly developing country
2. Poor country
3. The South
4. Less Economically Developed Country

An example of a country in "the South" is:

1. Australia
2. Congo
3. China
4. Russia

Give 3 objective characteristics
of a poor country

"Regional disparity" is about differences

1. between countries
2. within countries

Slum

Why do many people in LEDCs move from the countryside to the cities?

The moving from the countryside to the city is called

1. urban-rural migration
2. city migration
3. countryside migration
4. rural-urban migration

Making the exercises!

• Make exercises of §2.1 Differences in development 1 t/m 5
  
• Whisper if you want to talk to you neighbour
• Read the book carefully
  
• If you have a question, raise you hand for help!
  
• Extra assignment 2 and 3

What you have learned

• Describe where we find the richest countries and the poorest countries in the world
• Explain how development can differ within countries and cities

End of lesson!

Homework: Read §1.1 and make the exercises!