Modals 1

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

Unit 5: Modals 1

These modals are used the most:

shall, should, will, would, can, could, may,

might, must, ought to, used to, need and dare

Why use modals?

Modals or modal auxiliaries are helpful verbs we add to express the mode or manner of the action as indicated by the main verb. They may add obligation, permission or prohibition and more. In Dutch we call them: 'modale hulpwerkwoorden'

Do you sense the difference between....?

You should help her. You must help her.

Even in het Nederlands:

Modale werkwoorden (of modals) zijn hulpwerkwoorden die je gebruikt om extra betekenis te geven aan een hoofdwerkwoord in een zin. Modal verbs hebben geen infinitief en komen altijd voor in dezelfde vorm. Ze worden niet aangepast in de derde persoon enkelvoud en hebben dus geen 's' bij 'he', 'she' en 'it. Go to the next slide to find this information in English ;). --> 

What to remember about the form of modals? 

A modal does not change according to the number or person of the subject.

Examples: He can learn. I can learn. You can learn.

They can learn. We can learn.

A modal is always used with a verb in its basic form (infinitive)

Examples: I can run. I may run.

I could run. I might run.

Modals can be used alone in response to a question.

Examples: Can you sing? I can.

Will you sing? I will.

Will you come? I may./I will.

Modals, when joined with ‘not’ to form a negative, can be contracted.

Examples: I cannot run. I can’t run.

I do not run. I don’t run.

I will not run. I won’t run.

Examples 

I must not forget to drive on the left in England

We have to get out of the museum before it closes at 5 pm

You should try to call your mum, she is probably worried.

We ought to go home early today.

Could I borrow a pen, Miss?

You may leave work early.

You can't go in there, all the walls have just been painted!

I'd love to come to the cinema but I _____ hand in this assignment tomorrow.

1. must
2. have to
3. can

You _____ hit your sister again! Do you understand?

1. mustn't
2. can
3. don't have to

_____ I borrow your black dress tonight, please?

1. Can
2. Must
3. Mustn't

You _____ memorise the whole thing. Just try to remember the key points.

1. mustn't
2. have to
3. don't have to

You _____ park your car here for a maximum of 30 minutes.

1. must
2. don't have to
3. can

Types of malware Real World p. 67

Have you had any experience with malware? 

Turn to page 77. Together we listen to and finish exercises 5, 6 and 8.

Homework

Go to your study planner on magister and work on your week task.