BS 4 - Mutations

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Today's lesson

1. HW Qs???

2. What are mutations?

3. How are mutations caused?

4. Cancer

mutations

= change in a gene or chromosome (genotype)

This may result in no/small/large change in phenotype

mutations

= change in a gene or chromosome (genotype)

This may result in no/small/large change in phenotype

the change can be negative/neutral/beneficial

mutations 

mutations 

External caused by known mutagens 

• Radiation: (eg. UV light, X-ray, radioactive decay)
• Chemicals (eg. benzene in cigarette smoke)
• Bacteria or viruses (eg. HPV)
  

Internal

• DNA replication
  

Cancer

1. Uncontrolled cell growth

2.Uncontrolled cells grow into a tumour

3. Tumour benign - grow slow, no damage to organs

4. Tumour malignant - Uncontrolled cell division

- caused by certain mutations in genes

-grows faster than a benign tumour

-disrupts surrounding tissue