2.3 Muscles

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

2.3 Muscles

Learning objectives

• You will learn how your muscles are constructed, how they cooperate, and about the different kinds of muscles.

What are the heaviest muscles of the body according to you?

1. Your arm flexors
2. Muscles that form your burrocks (bilspieren)
3. Your calf muscles (kuitspieren)

The picture shows a piece of bacon.
Which part is muscular tissue and which part is fatty tissue?

1. The white part is muscular tissue and the red part is fatty tissue.
2. The white part is fatty tissue and the red part is muscular tissue.

Muscular system

Muscle fibres (spiervezels) = cells in muscles.They contract when muscles contract (samentrekken)

Bundle of muscles (spierbundel) = a group of muscle fibres

Tendons (pezen) = The end of a muscle where the bundles have grown together.

Bend en stretch

Antagonists (antagonisten) = muscles that allow fur an opposite movement (like the biceps and triceps).

Other muscles

A baseball pitcher may use four muscles!

Trapezius muscle (monnikskapspier)

Deltoid muscle (deltaspier) 

Pectoral muscle (borstspier)

Dorsal muscle (rugspier)

The heart

The heart is a big hollow muscle, filled with blood.

Pumps blood through your blood vessels.

Muscles in the digestive system

Oesophagus (slokdarm)

Stomach (maag)

Intestines (darmen)

Circular muscles (kringspieren) and longitudinal muscles (lengtespieren)

Involuntary muscles (onwillekeurige spieren) = They contract without thinking about it or even controlling it.

(muscles of hairs, heart etc.)

Voluntary muscles (willekeurige spieren) = You can decide if they contract or not.

(skeletal muscles)

How do you call two muscles with an opposite movement?

What?	Make 2.3 assignments 3, 4, 5, 6,16 and 19
How?	In your (online) book. Worksheet assignments are made in your notebook. Talk in a whisper or listen to music.
Help?	Put your hand up. If you don't listen to music, you can also consult with your neighbour.
Time?	15 minutes
Finished?	Study the PIF and the names of the bones
Output	When you're done, you've finished your homework! Now you know more about bones!

Learning objectives

• You will learn how your muscles are constructed, how they cooperate, and about the different kinds of muscles.