1.2 Sets and set notation

Good morning!
Schedule: 
  • Learning goals 
  • Homework Padlet
  • Sets and set notation 
  • Worksheet / Homework
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Slide 1: Diapositive
WiskundeHBOStudiejaar 4

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Good morning!
Schedule: 
  • Learning goals 
  • Homework Padlet
  • Sets and set notation 
  • Worksheet / Homework

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Learning goals 
At the end of this lessons I can:
  • Classify the different kinds of real numbers 
  • Represt the different kinds of real numbers
  • Describe set in list form and with words
  • Use set symbols to describe sets

Slide 2 - Diapositive

What is a set? (definition)

Slide 3 - Carte mentale

Sets
Definition
A set (noun): a number of things of the same kind that belong or are used together.

Slide 4 - Diapositive

Sets and set notation
A = { all even numbers between 1 and 10} 


A = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
Set 
Description of the elements of A
Listing of the elements of A

Slide 5 - Diapositive

Types of numbers
You have different types of numbers: 
Natural numbers (counting numbers): Positive whole numbers
{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ...}

All natural numbers = 

Slide 6 - Diapositive

Types of numbers
You have different types of numbers: 
Integers: Positive and negative whole numbers
{..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}
                 , 
                                    All integers = 

Every natural number is an integer !

Slide 7 - Diapositive

Types of numbers
You have different types of numbers: 
Rational numbers: Numbers you can write as a fraction 
for example           ,              , 4
                 , 
                           All rational numbers= 

Every integer is a rational number, therefore every natural number is also a rational number !
43
0.2

Slide 8 - Diapositive

Types of numbers
You have different types of numbers: 
Real numbers : All rational and irrational numbers 
For example          ,           , -2, 0.9999999....
 
               All real numbers =
43
2
Every number we've talked about so far is a real number

Slide 9 - Diapositive

Types of numbers

Slide 10 - Diapositive

Sets and set notation
if A = { -3, -2, 0, 1, 5}
Then
A+ = {.... }
A- = { ....}
A* = { .... }
Find the elements of these 3 sets.

Slide 11 - Diapositive

Sets and set notation
if A = { -3, -2, 0, 1, 5}
Then
A+ = {1, 5}
A- = {-3, -2}
A* = {-3, -2, 1, 5}

Slide 12 - Diapositive

Sets and set notation
 Read this as: 
U is the set of all x such that x is an integer larger or equal to 0 and smaller or equal than 20.
Listing of the elements: 
U = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... , 19, 20}

Slide 13 - Diapositive

Worksheet
1. Work on the worksheet 

2. When you finish, start on the homework: 


Homework
Standard:
P. 22: Practice 1 ALL
P. 24: Practice 2 (1, 2)
Extended:
P. 24: Practice 2 (3)

Slide 14 - Diapositive

Subsets and proper subsets
B = {1, 2,} 

The subsets of B are: 
Ø, {1}, {2}, {1, 2} 

Proper subsets of B are: 
Ø, {1}, {2}



A subset is more general than a proper subset. 
Just like 'green' is more general than 'dark green'. 

Every proper subset is a subset. 
Set A can only be a Proper subset of set B if set B contains elements that set A doesn't 
(so when set A is not equal to set B)



Slide 15 - Diapositive

Universal and complementary set
The complementary set (notation: A' or Ac) of a set A contains all elements that DO NOT belong to A.
The universal set (notation: U) is a set which contains ALL ELEMENTS of a problem. 
Example: 





If U = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and 
A = { 2, 4, 5} then 
A' = {1, 3} 

Slide 16 - Diapositive