Glands and Hormones: The Secrets Within

• Human Regulation and Reproduction
• Further Education (Key Stage 5)

Glands and Hormones: The Secrets Within

Learning Objective

Understand the location, nature, and hormone secretion from various exocrine and endocrine glands and organs.

What do you already know about exocrine and endocrine glands?

1. What is the role of receptors in the feedback process?

1. Terminate the feedback loop
2. Coordinate the overall body functions
3. Detect changes in the internal environment and send signals
4. Initiate the response to the change

2. Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the human body?

1. Regulation of blood pressure
2. Childbirth contractions increasing in intensity and frequency
3. Regulation of body temperature
4. Regulation of blood sugar levels

3. In homeostasis, what happens when a deviation from the set point is detected?

1. Effector mechanisms are activated to restore the internal environment
2. The deviation is amplified further
3. The set point is permanently altered
4. The body becomes insensitive to the deviation

4. Which feedback mechanism opposes a change in the body's internal environment?

1. Negative feedback
2. Neutral feedback
3. Positive feedback
4. Reactive feedback

5. What is the primary purpose of homeostasis?

1. Promoting rapid physiological changes
2. Maintaining stable internal conditions
3. Inducing temporary fluctuations in body functions
4. Regulating external environmental changes

Exocrine Glands

Sweat glands, Brunner’s glands, and others are examples of exocrine glands that secrete substances through ducts to the external environment.

Endocrine Glands

The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, and parathyroid are examples of endocrine glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Exocrine and Endocrine Organs

Organs like the pancreas and liver have both exocrine and endocrine functions, secreting digestive enzymes and hormones, respectively.

Exocrine 

Eyes
Tears

Mouth
Saliva

Intestines

Mucous

Stomach

Enzymes

Breasts

Milk

Pancreas

Juices

Skin

Sweat / Sebum

Liver

Bile

Endocrine 

Hypothalamus

Adrenal glands

Thymus

Thyroid gland

Testicle

Pituitary gland

Pancreas

Pineal gland

Placenta (during pregnancy)

Ovary

Table of Functions

Complete the assignment table on GC 

01:17

The word "Hormone" comes from the Greek meaning...

1. To motivate or spur on
2. To energise or invigorate
3. To exhaust or tire
4. To excite or arouse

02:20

What are the two systems that control your body at all times?

03:50

What cells are activated by secreted hormones?

05:23

What are the two hormones produced by your pancreas? (pick one)

1. Glucagon
2. Thyroxine
3. Insulin
4. Glycogen

06:04

Hyper = ?
Hypo = ?

07:03

The companion to the sympathetic nervous system is the... axis?

1. HPC
2. HPA
3. APA
4. PHC

08:33

What hormone triggers your flight or fight response?

09:00

What breaks down the hormones?

Review and Assessment

Review key concepts and assess understanding through a short quiz or group discussion.

Write down 3 things you learned in this lesson.

Have students enter three things they learned in this lesson. With this they can indicate their own learning efficiency of this lesson.

Write down 2 things you want to know more about.

Here, students enter two things they would like to know more about. This not only increases involvement, but also gives them more ownership.

Ask 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.

The students indicate here (in question form) with which part of the material they still have difficulty. For the teacher, this not only provides insight into the extent to which the students understand/master the material, but also a good starting point for the next lesson.