2.2 - the digestive system

Welcome everyone 
 Think about...
  • Take off your coat, hat/cap off.
  • Mobile in the phone bag (on silent).
  • Book (laptop) + notebook, pen on the table. Bag on the floor.
  • Sit in your own place.
  • You can eat and drink in the canteen.
  • 5 minutes.
timer
5:00
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Slide 1: Diapositive
BiologieMiddelbare schoolvwoLeerjaar 2

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Welcome everyone 
 Think about...
  • Take off your coat, hat/cap off.
  • Mobile in the phone bag (on silent).
  • Book (laptop) + notebook, pen on the table. Bag on the floor.
  • Sit in your own place.
  • You can eat and drink in the canteen.
  • 5 minutes.
timer
5:00

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Schedule 
  • Repetition                              5 min.
  • Explanation 2.2/2.3           10min.
  • Doing a Assignments       10 min    
  • Explanation 2.2/2.3 10min.
  • Finish Posters   
  • Closing                                     5 min. 

Slide 2 - Diapositive

HW Review

Slide 3 - Diapositive

Nutriens: usable components in food
Dietary fibre: are indigestible parts of the plants 
vegetable produces
Animal products
Foodstuffs

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Function of Nutrients
  • Building blocks: grow/develop/repair
  • Fuels/Energy-rich: by respiration in cells to provide energy
  • protection: to stay healty  

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6 groups of nutrition's
carbohydrates
fats
proteins
minerals
vitamins
Water

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Learning goals 
At the end of the lesson..
  • You can describe the functions of digestion, digestive juices and enzymes.
  • You can describe the function of peristalsis and how it works.
  • You can list the functions and characteristics of the parts of the digestive system.

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What is digestion?
Fig. 1: digestive system 
Contains the intestinal tract
long piece of tubing from mouth 
to anus


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The digestive system

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Digestion continued
  • Nutrients from food absorbed into bloodstream
  • What can be absorbed into the blood?                                               - Glucose, minerals, water vitamins
  • What should be digested first?                                                                 - Proteins, carbohydrates and fats

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How is food digested?
  • Digested: break down into small pieces
  • 2 types of digestion: Mechanical and Chemical digestion
  • Mechanical: chewing
  • Function: break the food into little pieces so that the surface area is larger.

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Enzymes

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the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus

what are the names of the glands together? what do they do?
  • salvary glands produces salvia: containing water, enzymes and mucus

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Chemical Digestion
  • Breaking food into even smaller molecules
  • How? 
  • Use digestive juices made in the digestive glands
  • Digestive juices contain enzymes.

Slide 14 - Diapositive

Slide 15 - Vidéo

Make assignments 
Make assignment 1,2,3 and 5  of 2.2 
timer
10:00

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Peristalsis
Food moves through lots of tubes : intestinal tract
  • Oesophagus
  • Duodenum
  • Small and large intestines
peristalsis = muscle movements that push food through the intestinal tract

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Peristalsis

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Peritalsis & peristaltic movement

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stomach
  • circular + longitudinal muscle for constantly movement
  • pyloric sphincter is a circular muscle who close off the stomach
  • the gastric gland produces gastric juices: containing: water, enzymes to digest proteins and hydrochloric acid to kill germs  

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  • liver produces bile (gal)
  • bile is temporarily stored in the gall bladder
  • bile passes through the bile duct when necessary
  • bile emulsifies fats to make it easier for enzymes to digest.

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Slide 23 - Diapositive

  • The wall of the intestines contains intestinal glands. They produce intestinal juice.
  • various enzymes digest carbohydrates, fats and proteins
  • the wall is convoluted, the intestinal folds in turn have protrusions called intestinal villi. 
  • the wall of the intestinal villi is very thin. nutrients can pass easily 

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  • direct after the small intestines the caecum. (blinde darm). 
  • the protrusion is called the appendix.
  • inflamed in appendicitis; the appendix will be surgically removed. 
  • In the large intestine water is extracted from the pulp. 
  • If not -> Diarrhea
  • Only undigested residues left over
  • Bacteria are able to digest some cellulose and turn is into glucose
  • glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream.  

Slide 25 - Diapositive

HW
Read 2.2 - The digestion system

 Qs 1 t/m 3, 5 , 6,7 and 8
Done? finish 2.1: 1 until 9 or start with 2.3 
timer
15:00

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