Unit 2 Nutrition and digestion

Unit 2 Nutrition and digestion
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Unit 2 Nutrition and digestion

Slide 1 - Diapositive

learning objective
  • You can name the functions of nutrients in foods.
  • You know 6 groups of nutrients with their functions and characteristics.

Slide 2 - Diapositive

Nutriens: usable components in food
Dietary fibre: are indigestible parts of the plants 
vegetable produces
Animal products
2. 1 Foodstuffs

Slide 3 - Diapositive

Function of Nutrients
  • Building blocks: grow/develop/repair
  • Fuels: by combustion in cells to provide energy
  • reserves: to store up
  • protection: to stay healty  

Slide 4 - Diapositive

6 groups of nutrition's
carbohydrates
fats
proteins
minerals
vitamins
Water

Slide 5 - Diapositive

Carbohydrates
  • includes: glucose, sugars, starch, glycogen
  • at first they are used as fuel
  • than: buildingblocks and reserves
  • glucose high: converted into glycogen                                                                           and stored in liver and muscles.
  • glucose drops: glycogeen converted into  glucose and released into the bloodstream

Slide 6 - Diapositive

fats
  • primarily used as fuel 
  • also as buildingblock or reserves
  • reserves are stored beneath your skin
  • the subcutaneous fatlayer becomes                                                     thicker.
  • mostly you eat more fat than you need
Te veel vet -> slechtere werking

Slide 7 - Diapositive

Proteins
  • Important buildingblocks: 
  • for example when cytoplasm is formed
  • as Fuel
  • Which foodstuffs contains proteins?
  • beans, yoghurt, cheese, eggs, redmeat,                                                chicken, fish, tofu 

Slide 8 - Diapositive

Food that contain a lot of protein

Slide 9 - Diapositive

Water
  • Your body is made up of 60% water
  • has a key role in transporting substances around your body
  • most substances can be only transported properly if they are dissolved  

Slide 10 - Diapositive

Minerals (of salts)
- Buildingblocks. Like calcium for strong bones
- For protection
- not to much each day

read: '5000 deaths anually because                                                                        of to much salt': page 51

Slide 11 - Diapositive

Vitamins
  • buildingblocks and protection
  • without you will become ill
  • consuming large quantities will make you ill as well
-A: producing skin and seeing well
-B12: Red bloodcells
-C: resistance
-D: Strong bones

Slide 12 - Diapositive

homework
  • Make an advice for your neighbour in his or her notebook
  • check and correct your work 2.1 and 2.2 
  • Make the exercises of 2.3
timer
1:00

Slide 13 - Diapositive

Today
  • Watch the movie of mindmapping 
  • Read 2.4 together
  • Make a mindmap of 2.4
  • Read the last bit of 'eating disorders' alone and finish the last branch
  • Make the exercises of 2.4 
timer
1:00

Slide 14 - Diapositive

Slide 15 - Vidéo

2.2 the digestive system
digestive system
excists of an intestinal tract
to let nutriens be absorbed into the bloodtream
glucose, minerals, vitamines, water
proteins, carbohydrates, vets have to be digested first
digestion =  converting products to be able to absorb into the bloodstream

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Slide 17 - Diapositive

The route through the digestive tract:

  1. oral cavity                            tongue and salivary glands
  2. oesophagus
  3. stomach
  4. duodenum                         gall bladder, liver and pancreas
  5. small intestines
  6. large intestines                 appendix
  7. rectum
  8. anus

Slide 18 - Diapositive

Enzymes

Slide 19 - Diapositive

Peritalsis & peristaltic movement

Slide 20 - Diapositive

2.3 the digestive organs 

Slide 21 - Diapositive

the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus

what are the names of the glands together? what do they do?
  • salvary glands produces salvia: containing water, enzymes and mucus

Slide 22 - Diapositive

stomach
  • circular + longitudinal muscle for constantly movement
  • pyloric sphincter is a circular muscle who close off the stomach
  • the gastric gland produces gastric juices: containing: water, enzymes to digest proteins and hydrochloric acid to kill germs  

Slide 23 - Diapositive

  • liver produces bile (gal)
  • bile is temporarily stored in the gall bladder
  • bile passes through the bile duct when necessary
  • bile emulsifies fats to make it easier for enzymes to digest.

Slide 24 - Diapositive

Slide 25 - Diapositive

  • The wall of the intestines contains intestinal glands. They produce intestinal juice.
  • various enzymes digest carbohydrates, fats and proteins
  • the wall is convoluted, the intestinal folds in turn have protrusions called intestinal villi. 
  • the wall of the intestinal villi is very thin. nutrients can pass easily 

Slide 26 - Diapositive

  • direct after the small intestines the caecum. (blinde darm). 
  • the protrusion is called the appendix.
  • inflamed in appendicitis; the appendix will be surgically removed. 
  • In the large intestine water is extracted from the pulp. 
  • If not -> Diarrhea
  • Only undigested residues left over
  • Bacteria are able to digest some cellulose and turn is into glucose
  • glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream.  

Slide 27 - Diapositive

  • oral Cavity 
  • stomach
  • liver, gall bladder and pancreas
  • small intestines
  • large intestines 


Explain the function!

Slide 28 - Diapositive

2.4 Healty food
  • What  is the basis for healty eating?
  • The basic for healty nutrition is variation
  • Also the food has to be safe. Not contaminated with germs. 
  • Food poisoning: germs, bacteria, chemicals

Slide 29 - Diapositive

  • omega 3 for your health
  • containing harmful substances because of environmental pollution.
  • Seespiracy: 2021 netflix 

Slide 30 - Diapositive

Slide 31 - Vidéo

Slide 32 - Lien

Advice for healty eating
  • Wheel of five: each part for                                                                     daily basis
  • saturated fats: animal fat
  • unsaturated fats: fish and                                                                           vegetable oil 

Slide 33 - Diapositive

Slide 34 - Lien

Slide 35 - Diapositive

Today
  • Finish the exercises of 2.6 and 2.8
  • Check and correct your work
  • Make the diagnostic test on page 89 -94: skip objective 6 and objective 9, 10 and 11
  • Do the test yourself of 2.1 - 2.2 - 2.3 - 2.4 - 2.6 - 2.8 at Malberg online.  
timer
15:00

Slide 36 - Diapositive