Paragraph 2.5 - Hitlers rise to power

• Gechiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Today

Paragraph 2.5 Hitler's dicatorship

Checking your answers

• Exercise 8
• Does your answer start with a part of the question? Does your answer refer to one of the four characteristics of fascism (gloryfing ones past)? 
• Exercise 10
• Does your answer start with a part of the question? Have you supported your argument with facts provided in exercise 9? 

At the end of the lesson you will know/be able to…

• Where were we; a reminder
• How Hitler got to power
• How he remained in power in his own party
• How he controlled the information and education of the German people and children

Hyperinflation was in ...

1. 1921, Germany
2. 1923, Germany
3. 1929, US
4. 1932, US

The Great Depression started in ...

1. 1921, Germany
2. 1929, US
3. 1932, US
4. 1933, Germany

Hitler made his first attempt at power in ...

1. 1917
2. 1921
3. 1923
4. 1933

This is ... NOT

1. Uncle Joe
2. Jozef Stalin
3. Josif Vissarionovitsj Dzjoegasjvili
4. Vladimir Iljitsj Oeljanov

Not a key word in the fascist doctrine is ...

1. Feminism
2. Difference
3. Obdience
4. Militairy

Nazism is set against

1. Equality
2. Animal cruelty prevention
3. Physical fitness

Never forget! 

Hitler was elected 

Election 1928: 12 seats

Election 1930: 107 seats

Election July 1932: 230 seats

Election November 1932: 196 seats

What do you notice when you look at the list above?

Reichstag elections July 1932

Nazis (brown) are largest parties, but don't have an overall majority

Jan. 1933, Hitler is appointed "chancellor"....

 ....and calls for new elections to have total control of parlement. Six days before the March election the Reichstag building is set on fire by a communist,

Hitler seizes the opportunity...

Hitler declares communists state enemies 

The S.A. (Sturm Abteilung = nazis in uniforms) arrest communists and intimidate voters

Reichstag elections March 1933

Nazis (brown) , together with another nationalist party, have an overall majority

With a majority support in parliament Hitler proposes a new law: 

the Enabling Act

This law gives Hitler the power to rule without parliament!

Hitler now has dictatorial powers.

Hitler takes over control

1932 NSDAP became largest party in Reichstag elections.

Jan-1933 Hitler appointed as Reichskanzler (prime minister).

Feb-1933 Reichstag Fire

• Persecution of Communists
• Restriction of fundamental rights

NEXT:

1. How did Hitler purge his own party?

The Night of the Long Knives

2. How did Hitler brainwash the German people?

Means of propaganda

To strengthen his power, Hitler needed to get rid of "critical" members of his own S.A. (sturmabteilung)

Ernst Röhm

SA leaders wanted more political influence.

Hitler did not want to share any power.

Hitler turns to his elite bodyguard troops: the SS to help him 

Two months later president Hindenburg dies.

He was the last remnant of the Weimar republic.

Hitler succeeds Hindenburg, combines his office "chancellor" with 

that of "president" into a new title: FÜHRER

Theory and practice

Read together 'Nazification' and 'Führer adoration' (TB 50-2) 

NAZI RADIO

NAZI POSTERS

NAZI ART

NAZI EDUCATION

Terror and concentration camps

In 1925, the highly-trained SS personnel became Hitler’s personal bodyguards. From 1934 onwards, when Hitler got rid of the SA, the task of the SS was to defend the national-socialist state and eliminate all its opponents. In 1934, the Gestapo was founded, the Nazi secret police. At the start of Hitler’s rule, ten thousand of Communists had been arrested, many after the Reichstag Fire. Prisons soon proved to be too small and so many of the prisoners were send to abandoned areas. Here wooden barracks were set up, surrounded by barbed wire and watchtowers. The SS took command of these concentration camps. At first, political adversaries, such as critical teachers, journalists and members of different political parties were locked up. But soon Hitler also ordered people who were inferior, according to his racial doctrine, to be send to these camps: Jews, homosexuals, gypsies and disabled people were sent prison, tortured and mistreated. Most of them did not survive.

summarize

1. What were the SS and Gestapo used for?
2. Which two groups were locked up in concentration camps?

Homework

Make exercises 1 up to and including 4 (WB 50-1), 6 up to and including 10 (WB 52-3) and as an overview (handy for your test) TASK 2.5 (WB 54-5) the first two columns and replace for column three Mussolini's Italy