Present Perfect

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Present Perfect

What is the present perfect

The present perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are often more interested in the result than in the action itself.

When do we use the Present Perfect

1)  Actions that started in the past and continue in the present.

• She has worked in the bank for five years.

2) When the time period referred to has not finished.

• We haven't seen her today.
  

3) Actions repeated in an unspecified period between the past and now.

• We have eaten at that restaurant several times.
  

When do we use the Present Perfect

4)  Actions completed in the very recent past (+just)

• I have just eaten.
  

5) When the precise time of the action is not important or not known.

• She has studied Japanese, Russian, and English.
  

How do we form the Present Perfect?

For regular verbs:

Positive sentences: Have/had + past participle

• I have completed my homework.

Negative Sentences: Subject + Have/has + not + past participle

• She has not eaten breakfast today.

Questions: Put have/has in front of the subject

• Has he worked as a waiter before

What is the positive Present Perfect form of the verb 'To visit'

1. I has visited
2. I have visited
3. I has visitted
4. I have visitted

Write a positive sentence in the Present Perfect, use the verb 'To work'

Spelling Exceptions

Verb ends with a consonant with a stressed vowel before it. (to stop)

• Double the consonant
• Stop -> stopped
• I have stopped drinking soda.
  

Turn the verb 'To regret' into a past participle. Use the subject 'I'

Spelling Exceptions

Verb ends with a an e. (to Dance)

• Only add -d
  
• Dance-> Danced
• I have danced the salsa for five years.
  

Turn the verb 'To bake' into a past participle. Use the subject 'he'

Spelling Exceptions

Verb ends with a y.

1) Consonant before the y

• Change the y into an i and add -ed
• I have worried about my test.
  

2) Vowel before the y

• Add -ed
• I have played video games.
  

What is the positive Present Perfect form of the verb 'To enjoy'

1. She has enjoied
2. She have enjoied
3. She has enjoyed
4. She have enjoyed

What is the positive Present Perfect form of the verb 'To Carry'

1. We has carried
2. We have carried
3. We has carryed
4. We have carryed