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1.1 Problems in the church lesson vht2 9-2-2023
Reformation and the Dutch Revolt
Welcome class VHT2A
chapter 1
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Slide 1:
Diapositive
Geschiedenis
Middelbare school
vwo
Leerjaar 2
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Reformation and the Dutch Revolt
Welcome class VHT2A
chapter 1
Slide 1 - Diapositive
What do you still remember from the Middle Ages?
Slide 2 - Carte mentale
Problems in the church
paragraph 1.1
Slide 3 - Diapositive
The church
During the Middle Ages, the church was very rich and powerful.
Some people criticized this power.
As a result, they set up the
inquisition.
a special court where
heretics
got judged.
Slide 4 - Diapositive
Criticism
The causes for this criticism were:
letters of indulgence
humanism
: a movement that places
humans central in life instead of God.
The invention of the
printing press
Slide 5 - Diapositive
Martin Luther
One of the critics was called Martin
Luther, a German monk.
He created a list of 95 things he
thought were wrong within the church
and nailed them on a door on a church
in Germany.
Slide 6 - Diapositive
Martin Luther
Luther believed you should believe according to the text in the Bible, instead of listening to the clergy. This meant that:
People should be able to read the Bible themselves: the Bible had to be translated from Latin.
Letters of indulgence should be abolished
The pope had to leave
Slide 7 - Diapositive
The Reformation
Because of Calvin, the church split into two organisations:
The
Roman Catholics
: people who stayed loyal to the pope
The
protestants
: people who followed Luther
We call this split the
Reformation
.
Slide 8 - Diapositive
Slide 9 - Vidéo
Problems in the church
paragraph 1.1
Slide 10 - Diapositive
John Calvin
Calvin was another reformer. He thought that sobriety should be the essence of christianity.
Luther
Calvin
You must obey the king
You may revolt to a bad king
If you study the Bible well enough, you will end up in heaven
Predestination:
it is already decided if you end up in heaven or not
Slide 11 - Diapositive
Consequences reformation
Protestants churches arise in Northen Europe
→
Lutherans, calvinists and the Anglican church
Kings break with roman catholicism
Religious wars in Europe
→ In the Netherlands, the Spanish king Charles V, wanted to prevent that the Netherlands would turn protestant.
Slide 12 - Diapositive
Characteristics protestantism
Sober churches without kerken zonder decoration
No priests, saints or clergy, only a
pastor
Work hard and live sober.
Core of the belief is the Bible
Slide 13 - Diapositive
Slide 14 - Diapositive
Slide 15 - Vidéo
Catholic
Protestant
Sober
No decorations
Statues of saints
Priest
Pastor
Forgiveness of sins via a priest
Direct band with God
Pastors can marry
Clergy should be celibatory
Pope
Bible in the language of the people
Bible in Latin
Multiple branches
Slide 16 - Question de remorquage
Who is who?
The King
Governor
Stadholder
Duke of Alva
William of Orange
Philip II
Charles V
Slide 17 - Question de remorquage
Timeline 16th century
______________________________________________________
1500
1600
1566:
Iconoclastic Fury
1517:
Maarten Luther nails his 95 theses to a church
Start of protestantism
1560:
Dissatisfaction in
the NL starts
1568:
The Dutch Revolt starts
1572:
Revolters conquer Den Briel
Slide 18 - Diapositive
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