BS 3 - Joints

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Planning

• See what you remember from last week
• Basic 3: Joints
  
• Homework
  

Learning goals

*You can describe the types of joints.

*You can describe the structure of a joint.

*You can describe how a ball-and-socket joint, a hinge joint and a pivot joint work

But first.. what do you remember?

Do you remember what the 4 functions are of the skeleton?

What do bones exist off?

1. collagen
2. cartilage
3. calcium phosphate and cartilage
4. calcium phosphate and collagen

Botten consist of calcium phosphate and collagen.

Why is it important bones have both of the substances?

in which figure do you see cartilage?

fig. 1

fig. 2

what doe the extracellular material of cartilage mainly consist of?

1. calcium phosphate
2. Collagen

Different kind of connections

Immobile connections

1. fused together (vergroeid)

2. sutures (naadverbinding)

No movement is possible between fused bones or between bones attached by a suture.

mobile connections

1. Cartilage 

2. joints

The cartilage and the joints allow the ribcage to expand and contract as you breathe.

Structure of a joint

A joint is a connection between two bones.

Convex bone & concave bone

The cartilage lets the bones move smoothly and stops wear and tear.

The joint capsule keeps the bones together

The ligaments keep bones in place.

Synovial fluid lets the bones move smoothly

Types of joints

1.ball-and-socket joint

2. pivot joint

3. hinge joints

Pivot joint

A pivot joint allows a bone to rotate around another bone

(radius is the one rotating)

Ball-and-socket joint

• The ball-and-socket joint is the most mobile

• The convex bone moves in the hollow of the concave bone

Hinge joint

A hinge joint can move back and forth in one direction

Like a door that opens and closes 

hinge --> scharnier

Homework

Unit 4: Support and locomotion

B3 Joints: exercise 1,2,3,4