Lesson 6

• Engels
• MBO
• Studiejaar 3

Today's programme

- looking back at last week's lesson and next week's test
- conjunctions (voegwoorden)
- adverbs and adjectives 
- food puzzle

Week 1 11 September	Introduction
Week 2 18 September	Reading and placement test
Week 3 25 September	Completion of Cambridge Placement test, TOA reading test
Week 4 2 October	Reading demonstrative pronouns and kitchen vocabulary
Week 5 9 October	Reading 'organic food'
Week 6 16 October	Grammar conjunctions
Week 7 23 October	Reading and grammar
Week 8 7 November	Electives
Week 9 15 November	Testweek ; test during class

Looking back at last week's lesson

- Organic Food exercise, reading and matching the words


 test: reading, conjunctions and idioms

What are the goals for today?

• You understand the importance of punctuation, linking words and conjunctions.
• You understand how and when to properly use punctuations, linking words and conjunctions.

What is today's schedule?

• We will go over what punctuation is and when how to use it properly.
• We will go in-depth about linking words and how to correctly apply them.
• I will show you the different types of conjunctions with basic examples.
• Short quiz: Punctuation, linking words and conjunctions

Punctuation

• Everything that makes a sentence start, pauze and stop.
• Gives basic logic and understanding to a sentence.
• Consists out of capital letters, commas,  periods (.), exclamation mark (!), apostrophe (') or question mark (?) and much more.

• Example: lets eat grandpa
• With punctuation: Let's eat, grandpa.

Overall, punctuation is an essential tool!

Linking words

• Words that connect two sentences.
• Types of Linking words.
  Addition: and, also, moreover, furthermore
  Contrast: but, however, nevertheless, on the other hand
  Cause and effect: because, since, as a result, consequently
  Time: then, later, after, before
  Conclusion: in conclusion, to sum up, therefore, thus

Examples of linking words

• "I like ice cream, and I also like cake."
• Addition (and)
• "I woke up early this morning, and then I went for a run."
• Time (and then)
• "I want to go to the beach, but it's too cold outside."
• Contrast (but)
• "I was tired, so I went to bed early."
• Cause and effect (so)
• "In conclusion, I think we should all work together to solve this problem."
• Conclusion 

Conjunctions 1/2

• Coordinating conjunctions
• Connects words or groups of words that are equal in importance.
• Example: "I like apples and oranges."
• Example: "Do you like your sandwich with chocolate or peanut butter?"

• There are seven coordinating conjunctions:
  For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So.
  (To remember these words think of the word FANBOYS!)

Conjunctions 2/2

• Subordinating conjunctions
• Connects groups of words that cannot stand alone.
• Example: "Because it was raining, I stayed inside."
• Example: "I will go to the beach today, unless it starts raining."

• There are a twelve subordinating conjunctions:
  After, although, as, as if, because, before, how, if, since, than, though, unless, until, when, where and while.

Why are all of these important?

1. Improves creative writing.
2. This is something we have to grade during exams.
3. Using variations will improve your exam grade.

My train got delayed

She is very rich. 

You can have chocolate

I didn't buy the dress

I'm late for work.

, she's not very happy.

vanilla ice cream.

I really loved it.

although

or

so

however

Maak af:
She was mad ... I stole her make-up.

Maak af:
Yesterday the heating was broken, ..... we wore coats in class.

www.englisch-hilfen.de

Punctuation puzzle

In het Nederlands reageren we soms heel kort op een vraag, met alleen ja of nee.

Ken je Ismail? - Ja.

Is Kerkrade een grote stad? - Nee.

In het Engels is het niet beleefd om alleen maar met yes of no te antwoorden. Je gebruikt een kort zinnetje:

Do you know Ismail? - Yes, I do.

Is Kerkrade a big city? - No, it isn’t.

Het onderwerp van een kort antwoord is altijd: I, you, he, she, it, we, they of there.

Is Doris at home? - Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

(Dus: ‘Doris’ wordt ‘she’)

Are these trees old? - Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

(‘these trees’ wordt ‘they’)

Are there any people in the room? - Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.

In je korte antwoord herhaal je het eerste werkwoord uit de vraag.

Bijvoorbeeld:

Vraag: Can you explain how electricity works?

Het eerste werkwoord is: can

Het yes-antwoord is: Yes, I can.

Het no-antwoord is: No, I can’t.

Examples

Is this the IT helpdesk? - Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.

Will Vera and Ty join us? - Yes, they will. / No, they won’t.

Can Andrea read Spanish? - Yes, she can. / No, she can’t.

Have you ever been to Japan? - Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.

Do they expect sales to rise? - Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

Is he Dutch? - Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

Are you Dutch? - Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.

Bij vragen met must zijn de regels gedeeltelijk anders.

Bij het yes-antwoord volg je de normale regel:

Must I wear an ID card? - Yes, you must.

Bij het no-antwoord gebruik je geen must, maar needn’t of don’t / doesn’t have to:

Must I wear an ID card? - No, you needn’t.

         No, you don’t have to.

Exercise 

1. Did Tom call you last week? (+)

2. Are these jewels insured against theft? (-)

3. Must I help them in the garden all afternoon? (-)

4. Can I talk to your brother? (+)

5. Does Amy understand you? (+)

6. Have you ever been there? (-)

Verzin nu zelf je vraag erbij:

No, we can’t.                                      Can we go to the beach?

Yes, I am.

Yes, they have.

No, it doesn’t.

Yes, I did.

No, you needn’t.