Cambridge/CAE - Writing

CAE/CPE Writing formats
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CAE/CPE Writing formats

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Lesson goals:
  • Recognise essay writing structure 
  • How to write a strong thesis statement 
  •  Know the 5 different writing formats and understand the difference

Slide 2 - Diapositive

Name the 5 different writing
formats for CAE/CPE

Slide 3 - Carte mentale

Formal
Semi-formal
Informal
Essay
Formal letter
Informal letter
Review
Report
Proposal/Article

Slide 4 - Question de remorquage

What do you need to focus on in
'formal writing'?

Slide 5 - Carte mentale

Writing in general
  • No contractions → can’t = cannot / won’t = will not
  • Formal language
  • Empty line between each paragraph
  • Do not use questions
  • Do not use ‘I’ (often)
  • Use linking words
  • Show your vocabulary!
  • Focus on your point, do not make it a story.

Slide 6 - Diapositive

The essay (CAE)
  • Formal language
  • Title: yes
  • Subheaders: no
  • Follow the task in order to get your lay-out: introduction - body -conclusion
  • Often: discuss 2 points

Slide 7 - Diapositive

The essay (CPE)
  • Formal language
  • Title: yes
  • Subheaders: no
  • Follow the task in order to get your lay-out: introduction - body -conclusion
  • Summarise & evaluate key points from both texts

Slide 8 - Diapositive

What is the purpose of an argumentative essay?
A
to compare and contrast two different or similar things.
B
to convince the reader by using logic and evidence
C
to answer a question through research of the relevant literature
D
to analyze a piece of literature from different angles

Slide 9 - Quiz

1. Grab the reader’s attention by using a “hook.” 
Begin the introductory paragraph with a broad, general statement about the paper’s topic or even a question. Try to make it interesting and catchy to encourage your reader to want more information. Remember that the first few sentences give the reader the first impression of your essay; it is extremely important that you make a good first impression.

Slide 10 - Diapositive

Argumentative essay
  • A piece of writing in which you persuade/convince your audience of a statement.
  • In order to do so you use several arguments in favour (pros) of your statement.
  • You also give some counter arguments (cons), but you refute those, so that they eventually support your statement.

Slide 11 - Diapositive

Slide 12 - Diapositive

Structure outline 
1. Introduction: attention grabber, hook, thesis statement
2. Pro (+ Con refuted)
3. Pro (+ Con refuted)
4. Pro (+ Con refuted)
5. Conclusion 

But how do you write a good thesis statement?

Slide 13 - Diapositive

Slide 14 - Vidéo

3. Close with a thesis statement that reveals the position to be argued.
  • The thesis statement is usually the final sentence of the introduction.
  • The thesis statement is an independent sentence. It does not refer to other points or words mentioned earlier in the introduction. By reading this single sentence, your reader should know exactly what you will argue in your essay. 
  • The argumentative thesis takes a side of an issue. It is often expressed with the modal verb should (not)).
  • The thesis statement does not have personal emphasis (the use of I or we).

Slide 15 - Diapositive

The thesis statement is an independent sentence. It does not refer to other points or words mentioned earlier in the introduction. By reading this single sentence, your reader should know exactly what you will argue in your essay. 
The thesis statement is an independent sentence. It does not refer to other points or words mentioned earlier in the introduction. 
Correct: Body scanners should be used at all international      airports.
  
 Wrong: Because of this, body scanners should be used at all international airports.

 Wrong: Therefore, body scanners should be used at all international airports.
    

Slide 16 - Diapositive

The argumentative thesis takes a side of an issue. It is often expressed with the modal verb should (not)).
For example:
  •   Governments should ban further construction of nuclear       power plants.
  •    Mobile phones should not be allowed in schools.
  •    Smoking should be banned in all public places.

Slide 17 - Diapositive

The thesis statement does not have personal emphasis (the use of I or we).
Correct: Television has no beneficial effect upon a child’s development.

 Wrong: I believe television has no beneficial effect upon a child’s development.

 Wrong: We don’t think television has any beneficial effect upon a child’s development.

Slide 18 - Diapositive

Thesis statement formula:
Claim (your position) + reason (evidence) = thesis statement 

Strong thesis statement:
Claim (your position) + reason (evidence) x 3 = strong thesis statement!

Slide 19 - Diapositive

Slide 20 - Diapositive

Example 1 of an introductory paragraph with thesis statement:

A difficult problem that is facing society today is euthanasia, which is another word for mercy killing. Thousands of people are mortally ill because of an incurable disease. They are kept alive in artificial ways. They have no chance to recover completely, but most legal systems do not allow doctors to end their patients’ lives. Why should all these people suffer if they don’t have to? Fatally ill patients should be given the choice to legally end their lives.

Slide 21 - Diapositive

What's the thesis statement in this introductory paragraph?
A
A difficult problem that is facing society today is euthanasia, which is another word for mercy killing.
B
Why should all these people suffer if they don’t have to?
C
Fatally ill patients should be given the choice to legally end their lives.
D
They are kept alive in artificial ways.

Slide 22 - Quiz

Example 2 of an introductory paragraph with thesis statement:

Every day, terminally ill patients suffer horrendously and are begging to die. They are kept alive in artificial ways. They have no chance to recover completely, but most legal systems do not allow doctors to end their patients’ lives. Why should all these people suffer if they don’t have to? Fatally ill patients should be given the choice to legally end their lives.

Slide 23 - Diapositive

What's the thesis statement in this introductory paragraph?
A
Why should all these people suffer if they don’t have to?
B
Fatally ill patients should be given the choice to legally end their lives.
C
Every day, terminally ill patients suffer horrendously and are begging to die.
D
They are kept alive in artificial ways.

Slide 24 - Quiz

Example 3 of an introductory paragraph with thesis statement:

John is 38 years old and he has been suffering from pancreatic cancer for more than 8 months. He has no strength left to eat and is tube fed. He needs pain relief 24/7 and wants only one thing: euthanasia. Most legal systems do not allow doctors to end their patients’ lives. Why should all these people suffer if they don’t have to? Fatally ill patients should be given the choice to legally end their lives.

Slide 25 - Diapositive

What's the thesis statement in this introductory paragraph?
A
Fatally ill patients should be given the choice to legally end their lives.
B
Most legal systems do not allow doctors to end their patients’ lives.
C
John is 38 years old and he has been suffering from pancreatic cancer for more than 8 months.
D
He has no strength left to eat and is tube fed.

Slide 26 - Quiz

Time to try it out! 
  • Mobile phones should be banned in school - agree or disagree? 
  • After lockdown, online lessons should still take place once a week - agree or disagree?  

Slide 27 - Diapositive

Mobile phones should be banned in school - agree or disagree?

Slide 28 - Question ouverte

After lockdown, online lessons should still take place once a week - agree or disagree?

Slide 29 - Question ouverte

The letter (formal!)
  • Formal language
  • Start with / end with:
- Unknown = Dear sir/madam, / yours faithfully
- Known = Dear mr/mrs [last name], / yours sincerely

  • Always refer back to why you are writing
  • Empty lines

Slide 30 - Diapositive

The review
  • Semi-formal language
  • Title: yes
  • Subheaders: are allowed - not necessary

  • Follow the task in order to get your lay-out: Say what you review - Give more details - Give your opinion + recommendation

Slide 31 - Diapositive

Report &
CAE proposal
  • Formal - for superior / Semi-formal - for colleagues
  • Title: yes
  • Subheaders: yes
  • Lay-out:
- Outline the purpose: The purpose/aim of this proposal/report is to...
- Description
- Recommendations/suggestions

Slide 32 - Diapositive

Report

In a report, you give information and make suggestions.

Often you report on something existing and come up with recommendations or suggestions to make it better.

The task will form your lay-out.
Proposal

A proposal includes factual information to persuade.

In a proposal, you are often asked to come up with new ideas and to make sure that you persuade others of these ideas.

The task will form your lay-out.

Slide 33 - Diapositive

You are only allowed to use 'Dear sir/madam' or 'Dear mr/mrs (last name)' in a letter.
A
True
B
False

Slide 34 - Quiz

Which format is this?
A
Letter
B
Essay
C
Report
D
Review

Slide 35 - Quiz