AC A4 design explore and expand

• CKV
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 4

DESIGN

DESIGN

Design explore

Since the invention of machines, design can be produced in large quantities. In The Netherlands designers have developed their own style from 1980 onward: 

Dutch Design. 

This style is internationally known for its innovative and humorous concepts.

                                          LEARNING GOALS

1. You know the design genres and characteristics.
2. You know the difference between traditional and industrial.
3. You can apply the characteristics in the in-depth assignment of your choise.

The term design is English for “ontwerp”. The word refers to the design of a product. In fact, everything that has ever been made by people can be considered designed. Design is the applied art in which the function and the form are equally important. The technique plays an important role here. In the past, designers made all their work by hand in a traditional way. 

Explore  

You get an A4 paper and scissors. You will have to make a 3d design of a chair within 7 minutes. You can fold, sand or cut the piece of paper. You may not use glue or tape. You have to use 90% of the paper. Your design must look functional and aesthetically pleasing.

For inspiration you use designs of chairs made by the famous Dutch architect and designer Gerrit Rietveld (see above)

The designs are discussed in two categories: functional and originality. You choose a category for your own design. You explain your choice in one sentence. You write this on a piece of paper.

You describe briefly on the paper from which material your chair should be produced and whether your design is suitable for mass production (industrial) or should it be made manually (traditional). You put this paper next to your 3D design.

                                                          mooi of lelijk?                                                      

DESIGN MOVEMENTS

Read the movements below and the characteristics on the next slide. 

Then do the assignment on the next slide

Jugendstil

Jugendstil emerged at the end of the 19th century. In this period, industrialization is in full swing. However, Jugendstil designers were looking for nature. Natural, wavy lines and shapes were essential, as well as a sense of detail and craftsmanship. The objects were expensive due to the choice of materials and the amount of manual labor involved. 

Bauhaus

A school was opened in 1919: the Bauhaus. Here, students were taught design, based on geometric abstract art. This school wanted to make design accessible to a large audience, which is why they mainly focused on industrial (mass)production. 

Post-modernism

Post-modernism emerged around 1980. Designers responded to the consumerist culture (buying and producing a lot). Post-modernism is extravagant and playful in shapes and often has decorative elements (decorations). The objects are often humorous, like the Michael Graves whistling kettle below. 

Sustainable design

Since 1987, sustainability has been important for designers. Designers are environmentally conscious and use products that are energy-efficient, locally produced and recyclable. They experiment with ecological materials such as wool and leather or look for sustainable alternatives. 

Graphic design

Graphic designers express communication by means of image and text (typography). This can be digital or printed. The most popular form of graphic design is a logo, which is a recognizable image connected to an organization or company. The logo combines a simplified shape (a picture) with text. Graphic design is about styling advertisements, websites, books, etc. 

 DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS

Read and watch

Form(shape)

Form determines what a design looks like. A design can have geometric and organic (derived from nature) forms. Nowadays, designers combine historical forms with modern forms. For example, Marcel Wanders, the Dutch designer, uses the twilight lamps that we encounter in the palace in Versailles for a completely new design. 

The material used determines what the object looks like. A designer chooses a certain material because of the firmness or reproducibility; for example by using expensive or cheap materials, heavy or light. Sometimes designers surprise by using materials for a purpose which has never seen before, such as Maxima’s mailbag coat by Jan Taminiau, made from old mailbags. 

technique

The material used determines what the object looks like. A designer chooses a certain material because of the firmness or reproducibility; for example by using expensive or cheap materials, heavy or light. Sometimes designers surprise by using materials for a purpose which has never seen before, such as Maxima’s mailbag coat by Jan Taminiau, made from old mailbags. 

vision

In a successful design, the function (how the product works) and the appearance (the aesthetics: what the product looks like) are equally important. An attractive styling also makes the design distinctive. Functionality and aesthetics are combined in Vanhulssteijn’s bicycles. The bikes work well as a means of transport and they look beautiful en original 

function

The material used determines what the object looks like. A designer chooses a certain material because of the firmness or reproducibility; for example by using expensive or cheap materials, heavy or light. Sometimes designers surprise by using materials for a purpose which has never seen before, such as Maxima’s mailbag coat by Jan Taminiau, made from old mailbags. 

material

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JUGENDSTIL

BAUHAUS

POST-MODERNISM

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN

GRAPHIC DESIGN

DESIGN EXPAND

Bij verbreden kijken we naar design vanuit de dimensie ambachtelijk en industrieel. 

1. An artisan is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates things by hand that may be functional or strictly decorative, for example furniture, decorative arts, sculptures, clothing, jewellery, food items, household items and tools or even mechanisms such as the handmade clockwork movement of a watchmaker. Artisans practice a craft and may through experience and aptitude reach the expressive levels of an artist. 
2. Industrial design is a process of design applied to products that are to be manufactured through techniques of mass production. Some examples of such products are the vacuum cleaner, the coffee maker, but also the rollator, laptop bags and office chairs.

Design is very broad, you can actually say that every (utility) object based on a design is ...design.

Assignment 1: Write down 10 (utility) objects that you think are design.

00:00

Again a video

Watch this video up to the end and answer the questions on the next slide after watching.

QUESTIONS: (first watch the video)
1. Which designs can you not (really) hold in your hand?
2. Which design - discussed in this video - do you have yourself?
3. Which objects were to your suprise classified as design?
4. Do you think the designs that are in the top ten are industrial or traditional, or made in a different
way?
5. Who is the top 1 designer in the 2020 list?