Flowers, fruits and seeds

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Have ready

- Workbook

- Notebook

Warming up...

Drag and drop the items to the correct place

root

stem

flower

leaf

fruit

Learning goals

You can name the parts of a flower and their functions

You can describe what pollination is

Flowers seeds and fruits

Flowers are the reproductive organs of a plant

They mainly contain both male and female sex organs

Use your book 

anther

filament

petal

sepal

stigma

style

ovary

nectary

Pollination

Pollination: when pollen get on the stigma of a carpel

Self-pollination: pollen can get onto the stigma of the carpel of the same flower

Cross-pollination: pollen get onto the stigmas of a different plant 

(of the same species)

Which number(s) indicate self-pollination?

Which numbers indicate self-pollination?

1. 1
2. 1 and 4
3. 1 and 3
4. 1,2,3

Insect and wind pollinated flowers

Insect-pollinated flower

Wind-pollinated flower

bright coloured petals

flowers are scented and contain nectar

pollen grains rough and sticky

small flowers

produce many pollen

stamen and stigma inside the flower

stigma are feathery and outside the flower

The stamens in some plant species The stamen in some plants ripen earlier than the carpels.
What does this prevent?

Not only insects pollinate flowers...

What is the function of the calyx (sepals)?

1. attract insects
2. reproduction
3. protection against cold
4. producing nectar

What is the male sex organ of a plant? And the female sex organ?

1. female: carpel male: petal
2. female: petal male: sepal
3. female: stamen male: carpel
4. female: carpel male: stamen

What is self-pollination?

From pollination to----> fertilization (in plants)

FERTILIZATION

• THE POLLEN GRAIN LANDS ON THE STIGMA
• THE POLLEN  FORMS A TUBE AND THE NUCLEUS GOES DOWN  THE STYLE
• THE POLLEN NUCLEUS MELTS TOGETHER WITH THE EGG NUCLEUS IN THE OVULE TO FORM A SEED.

After fertilisation

• A germ/plant embryo develops from the fertilised egg cell  
• The ovule develops into  seeds 
• The ovary grows into fruit containing more seeds 
  

pod

flower stalk

sepal

ovary

stamen

petal

ovule

time to work 

first read 5.4 

do A B or C 

I II or III

Dispersal of fruits and seeds

• Plants disperse the seeds themselves by ejecting the seeds over a distance 
• Seeds are dispersed by wind
• Seeds are dispersed by animals and humans 

Which part becomes fruit pulp after fertilisation

1. ovary
2. sepals
3. carpel
4. ovule

How does a pollen grain nucleus reaches the ovule?

In the video you saw an example of seed dispersal by

1. the wind
2. the plant itself
3. animals

Find a nice photo of seed dispersal by animals