Conditionals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Conditional forms

After today's lesson

- I know what conditional sentences are

- I can use the zero, first, second and third conditional 

Conditionals

If this happens, that happens

If I do this, that will happen.

If we did this, that would happen

If he had done this, that would have happened. 

Zero Conditional

	if clause	main clause
General truths or consequences of a situation	present simple	present simple
If you drop an apple, it falls to the ground.	If you drop an apple	it falls to the ground

First conditional

	if clause	main clause
Possible future situation, suggestions, advice, threats and promises	present simple	will/won't + infinitive (whole verb)
If you miss your train, you will be late	If you miss your train	you will be late

Second conditional

example sentence	if clause	main clause
Unlikely/unreal situations in the present or future	past simple	would(n't) + infinitive (whole verb
If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.	If I won the lottery	I would travel the world

Third Conditional

	if clause	main clause
Regrets, criticisms and unreal situations in the past	past perfect (had/hadn't + past participle)	would(n't) have + past participle (voltooid deelwoord)
If I had studied harder, I would have passed my exam	If I had studied harder	I would have passed my exam

Name	If-clause (condition)	Main clause (Result)	Use
Zero conditional	If + present simple	present simple	General truths, scientific facts - always true
First conditional	If + present simple	will / can + infinitive	Likely events in the present or future
Second conditional	If + past simple	would / could + infinitive	Unlikely / unreal events in the present or future
Third conditional	If + past perfect	would have / could have + past participle	regrets, criticisms, unreal situation in the past

If + present simple	present simple
	will + infinitive
if + past simple	would + infinitive
if + past perfect	would have + past participle

if + past simple + would/could/might - for hypothetical situations in the present or future, suggestions and advice

if/unless + present simple + will/ won't might - for a future possibility

if + past perfect + would have + past participle - for hypothetical situations in the past or regrets about the past

if/when + present simple + present simple - for general truths or the result of a situation/action

Zero conditional

first conditional

second conditional

third conditional

If I worked harder, I might get better grades.

Unless the rules change, classes will still be online tomorrow.

If they had bought snowboots, they wouldn't have had cold feet.

If the temperature stays below 0 degrees for a while, water turns into ice.

Zero conditional

first conditional

second conditional

third conditional

How many clauses do we find in a conditional sentence?

1. 1
2. 0
3. 2
4. 3

Choose the Zero Conditionals

1. I'll faint if I don't eat a snack soon!
2. If babies are hungry, they cry
3. You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen.
4. If you touched a fire, you would get burned.

Choose the First Conditional

1. She will miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon.
2. When water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
3. If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello.
4. She would travel all over the world if she were rich.

Pick the Third Conditional sentence.

1. If I have enough money, I will buy a new phone.
2. If it rains, we won't go to the beach.
3. If you heat ice, it melts.
4. If I had known the test was this hard, I would have studied harder.

Third conditional: If they ........... (go) to bed earlier, they ........... (not sleep) late.

1. went / wouldn't have slept
2. had gone / wouldn't have slept
3. went / wouldn't sleep
4. go / won't sleep

Third conditional:
If we .............. (not go) to the party, we ............. (not meet) them.

1. don't go / won't meet
2. went / wouldn't meet
3. hadn't gone / wouldn't have met
4. had gone / would have met

Third conditional: If we ... (arrive) earlier, we ...(see) John but we were much too late.

1. arrived, saw
2. had arrived, would see
3. had arrived, would have seen
4. arrived, would see

First conditional:
He .............. (be) on time if he .............. (not miss) the bus.

1. is / won't miss
2. would have been / hadn't missed
3. was / hadn't missed
4. will be / doesn't miss

First conditional:
If we ..... (eat) all this cake, we ..... (feel) sick.

1. Eat / 'll feel
2. Eaten / 'll feel
3. Eat / will feel
4. Eaten / will feel

She hasn't even left her house?!
She will miss the film, if she ... right now!

1. don't leave
2. left
3. doesn't leave
4. leaves

Maak de zin af
If you took the first bus, .......

1. You would be on time
2. You could be on time
3. You will be on time
4. you would have been

I ______________ (not go) to see that film if I had known how bad it was!

1. wouldn't go
2. won't go
3. wouldn't have gone
4. am not going

I’d definitely ask her for an autograph if I __________ (see) Shakira in the supermarket!

1. saw
2. had seen
3. would see
4. see

She’ll meet us later if she __________ (not have) to work.

1. won't have
2. doesn't have
3. wouldn't have
4. didn't have

If I saw a UFO, I ___________ (take) a photo!

1. take
2. took
3. would take
4. would have taken

Complete the sentences on the next slide with your own ideas. 

1. Our teacher will be angry if.... 

2. If you jump from a third floor window, 

3. If you want to become a spy

4. If you travel across the Equator, 

5. You will be arrested if... 

6. If you borrow my clothes one more time, 

7. If we're not careful, 

8. Water turns to steam when 

9. When you are in Australia, 

10. My parents will be very happy if