§2.1 Molecules and Atoms

§2.1 Molecules en atoms
Chapter 2: Chemical Reactions
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§2.1 Molecules en atoms
Chapter 2: Chemical Reactions

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Learning Objectives 2.1.
2.1.1 You know that molecules are made up of atoms.
2.1.2 You can explain the difference between elements and compounds.
2.1.3 You can represent molecules using molecular formulae.
2.1.4 You can give the systematic names of molecules.
2.1.5 You can describe the difference at the micro level between a separation method, a phase transition and a chemical reaction.

Slide 2 - Diapositive

Remember the particle model?
 

Slide 3 - Diapositive

Chemical Reactions...

Molecules are broken down and new molecules are formed.

A reaction can be written down as an equation or process:
molecules go in (reactants), different molecules come out (products).



 



Slide 4 - Diapositive

Slide 5 - Diapositive

Het alfabet and the PT:

Alphabet
PT
Letter
Atom/Element
Word
Molecule
Sentence
Substance
Story
Materials
Atoms in a molecule are connected by atomic bonds (bonds between atoms)

Slide 6 - Diapositive

Elements in the periodic table
We know about 118 different kinds of atoms, aka 118 elements
Every element has its own name and symbol 

Memorize the names and symbols in table 1!
 


Slide 7 - Diapositive

d

Elements
Based on one kind of atom or molecules with one kind of atom (pure)


ggg
g


Compounds
Molecules containing more than one kind of atom.

Slide 8 - Diapositive

Molecules can be drawn but they can also be given a molecular formula.



Slide 9 - Diapositive

Naming compounds - Nomenclature, systematic

  1. First element of compound keeps its own name
  2. Second element gets -ide at the end 
  3. Greek numbering words are used to indicate how many of each element is in the formula
N2O = dinitrogen oxide                      CCl = carbon tetrachloride 
  

Slide 10 - Diapositive

Greek:
number
mono-
1
di-
2
tri-
3
tetra-
4
penta-
5
hexa
6
hepta-
7
octa-
8
Name: index comes first
Formula: symbol comes first, followed by index
Never start a name with mono

Slide 11 - Diapositive

Practise:
Give the name:
1. N2O5
2. P2I4
3. S2Cl2


Give the formula:
1. phosphorous trichloride
2. dinitrogen monoxide
3. diphosphorous pentaoxide

Slide 12 - Diapositive

Element: 
molecules or atoms containing one single type of atoms
Molecule:
more than one atom bonded together 
Atom:
smallest building block of elements/molecules
Compound:
molecules made up of different atoms

Slide 13 - Diapositive

Molecules and atoms are very small. If you would mix water (H2O), pure alcohol (C2H6O) and salt (NaCl) in a glass, you would get a clear, transparant solution.

How many types of atoms are in this glass?
A
1
B
3
C
5
D
millions

Slide 14 - Quiz

Molecules and atoms are very small. If you would dissolve a teaspoon of pure sugar mix in a glass of pure water, you would get a clear sugar solution

How many types of molecules are in that glass?
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
miljoenen

Slide 15 - Quiz

compound
element
molecules
H2
CH4
Cl2
HF
C6H12O6
Na

Slide 16 - Question de remorquage


A
separation
B
phase transition
C
reaction

Slide 17 - Quiz


A
separation
B
phase transition
C
chemical reaction

Slide 18 - Quiz


A
separation
B
phase transition
C
chemical reaction

Slide 19 - Quiz


A
separation
B
phase transition
C
chemical reaction

Slide 20 - Quiz


A
separation
B
phase transition
C
chemical reaction

Slide 21 - Quiz

Recap today
2.1.1 You know that molecules are made up of atoms.
2.1.2 You can explain the difference between elements and compounds.
2.1.3 You can represent molecules using molecular formulae.
2.1.4 You can give the systematic names of molecules.
2.1.5. You know the difference between separation, phase transitions and chemical reactions.
 

Slide 22 - Diapositive

Homework for next class (march 9)! 

Read chapter 2.1.  
Assignment 1 to 9 

Slide 23 - Diapositive