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Relative clauses
Relative clauses = betrekkelijke bijzinnen
If you like to give extra information on something or someone you use a relative clause.
This clause usually starts with an interrogative pronoun (who/which) or a demonstrative pronoun (that).
In Dutch we use 'die' of 'dat'.
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Diapositive
Engels
Middelbare school
vwo
Leerjaar 3
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Relative clauses = betrekkelijke bijzinnen
If you like to give extra information on something or someone you use a relative clause.
This clause usually starts with an interrogative pronoun (who/which) or a demonstrative pronoun (that).
In Dutch we use 'die' of 'dat'.
Slide 1 - Diapositive
who
which
that
That has the same meaning as who or which but is more informal.
people
animals and things
people, animals and things
Slide 2 - Diapositive
If you can leave out the clause without changing the meaning of the sentence, you use who or which. This clause is always between commas.
Cedric, who is my best friend, is older than I am.
This safe, which is new, is impossible to crack.
Slide 3 - Diapositive
Sometimes the clause is necessary to understand what or who the sentence is about. You can often leave out who, which or that.
This is the suspect (who) the police arrested yesterday.
The horse (which) the jockey used to ride was sold.
Slide 4 - Diapositive
You can use who and which together with prepositions. The preposition can often be found at the end of the sentence.
The house (which/that) I lived in was torn down.
The officer, who Lee told his story to, was shocked.
Slide 5 - Diapositive
The preposition can also be at the beginning of the clause. That's more formal. Who in combination with a preposition sometimes changes into whom.
The house in which I lived was torn down.
The officer, to whom Lee told his story, was shocked.
Slide 6 - Diapositive
Whose indicates possession. In Dutch we say 'wie', 'wiens' of 'waarvan'.
The woman whose picture was on the news is the suspect.
Bertie, whose house burnt down, stayed with his sister.
Slide 7 - Diapositive
Use of -
If the relative clause provides you with information on the subject you can't leave it out.
If it says something about the direct (lv) or indirect object (mw) you can leave it out. So you can use - .
Slide 8 - Diapositive
relative clause between commas
If a relative clause is between commas you have to use who for people and which for things and animals.
That can't be used in a relative clause between commas.
Slide 9 - Diapositive
Choose the correct alternative in each sentence.
The '-' indicates that no word is needed to make a correct sentence.
Slide 10 - Diapositive
The film ... I saw was quite interesting.
A
who
B
which
C
that
D
which, that, -
Slide 11 - Quiz
I talked to the man ... lives across the street.
A
who
B
which, that
C
who, that
D
who, that, -
Slide 12 - Quiz
His smartphone, ... is new, looks quite expensive.
A
who
B
which
C
which, that
D
which, that, -
Slide 13 - Quiz
The celebrity ... house burned down was on the news.
A
who
B
whose
C
which
D
which, -
Slide 14 - Quiz
The car ... I drove in was stolen last year.
A
whose
B
which
C
whom
D
which, -
Slide 15 - Quiz
This is the song ... I can play on my guitar.
A
who
B
which
C
that
D
which, that, -
Slide 16 - Quiz
Mr Portland, ... is my favourite teacher, is ill today.
A
who
B
which
C
that
D
who, that
Slide 17 - Quiz
The man to ... the letter was sent never replied.
A
who
B
whom
C
which
D
-
Slide 18 - Quiz
Homework
Stepping Stones Online:
Grammar E: Ex. 12
Slim stampen - Grammar 7
Watching F: Ex. 13 & 14
Study:
Grammar 7 Relative Clauses TB p. 43
Slide 19 - Diapositive
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