1.3 The church falls apart

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

1.3 The church falls apart (part 1)

Planning 

- What you will learn

- Lesson

- Histoclip about Luther

- Discuss 

- Get to work(PO)

In this paragraph, you will learn

- What criticism people had of the Catholic church

- How the split of the church was created

- What differences formed between churches

- which conflict formed between Catholics and Protestants

Criticism of the church

- In the book: In praise of folly (lof der zotheid)  Erasmus make fun of the wrongdoings in the Catholic church.

 

- Thanks to the printing press it was spread in large numbers for the first time. 

- It had nothing to do with original Christianity 

The split of the church 

-The German monk Martin Luther  wanted change. otherwise to break away from the Pope!

- In 1517, in a letter to a bishop, he protested against the trade in indulgences. 

- This mocked God, because only God could forgive sins.

The cancellations of sins. 
Maarten Luther 

-  Luther's letter was read by many people thanks to the printing press.

- The Pope was furious! He excommunicated Luther.

- The Pope asked the German emperor Charles V to kill Luther. But Luther got him one more chance 

Not allowed to be involved in the Church

The diet of 1521 in Worms

- Luther was invited for an assembly of German monarchs

- Luther had to take back his words, but he refused

- Charles V then outlawed Luther: everyone was permitted to kil him as a heretic

- Luther was protected by  Frederick of Saxony

- Luther translated the New testament into German and Dutch. 

The Reformation

- Luther asked the German monarchs to reform the church and break away from the pope. 

- Some of them did and formed new Protestant churches

- Luthers letter of protest became the start of a split in European Christianity. 

- Now two hostile relegious groups: 1 The Catholics, led by the pope. 2 The Protestants

Catholics and Protestants

John Calvin: Frenshman who had a lot of followers in the Netherlands 

Calvinism

Luther 

- You cant revolt against monarchs and goverments that fought the true faith.

-  By living an honest life you will go to heaven

Calvin

- You can revolt against monarchs and goverments if they dont follow the true faith

- Predestination

Your life is set by God form birth. Everything you do is as expected. 

Protestants

- No pope of bishops,  only a minister who explaines the bible.

- ministers were not placed above the ordinary religious people. They were allowed to marry and could not forgive sins. 

- Did not worship saints and relics 

- People came in direct contact with God.

Catholics

- Hierarchy

- Pope, archbishop, bishop, priest

- Worshipping saints and relics

- Only clergymen could talk to God

- decorated churches full of statues and paintings 

(indulgences)

People ranked according to status of authority 
Holymen

End of lesson

Next week: part 2 

Go and work on your PO

1.3 The church falls apart (part 2)

Planning 

- What you will learn

- Lesson

- Histoclip about Luther

- Discuss 

- Get to work(PO)

Conflict between religions 

- The transition to Protastantism had benefits for monarchs

- They could seize the wealth of the Catholic curch and no longer had to listen to the pope. 

- The kings of England, Denmark and Sweden broke away frpm the Catholic church and forsed the Protestant regigion on their subjects.

Charles V 

Charles V from the house of Habsburg (1500-1558) was one of the most powerfull monarchs of Europe 

Ruler of  the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Spain and parts of France. Even big parts of America.

- Charles V waged war with the Protestant monarchs in Germany for years--> he was a firm Catholic 

- He tried to make the entire empire Catholic agian. 

- He gave up In 1555 

- It was agreed that every German monarch could dicide which religion they permitted in their area

- A few years later, a horrible religious war broke out in France between Catholics and Calvinists.

- lasted until 1598

-  In that year It was dicided that France would be Catholic,  but the Calvinists also had rights (Edict of Nantes)

The Netherlands 

- Charles V was also the monarch of the Netherlands.

- Inquisition: Catholic court that was meant to hunt down and punish heretics

- Charles V had the inquisition persecute the Protestants

- Many hundreds died form being burned alive at the stake.

- Protestant books were also burned. Nevertheless, Charles V did not succeed in distroying the Protestant religion. 

In this paragraph, you will learn

- What criticism people had of the Catholic church

- How the split of the church was created

- What differences formed between churches

- which conflict formed between Catholics and Protestants

Lets get to work

Next week:  Art and sciene

Work on your PO.