Relative Clauses (en)

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Relative pronouns: who/whom/whose/which/that

LEARNING GOALS

By the end of this lesson:

• You know how to use the various relative pronouns: who, whose, whom, which, that.
• You know the function of relative clauses (betrekkelijke bijzinnen).

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

• Verwijzen terug naar een eerder genoemd woord.
• Verbinden twee zinsdelen aan elkaar.

Martin played tennis with Sophie, who was slightly injured.

who = relative pronoun

Noa sold her phone, which was old and damaged

which = relative pronoun

what is a relative clause?

My brother, who is 24 years old, still lives at home

The thief who robbed an old lady was sent to jail.

It provides additional information on something or someone.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

Relative pronouns verwijzen naar:

who -> persoon

which -> dier, ding

whose -> bezit

that* -> persoon, dier, ding

* Na een komma gebruik je nooit 'that'!

Relative pronouns

• Link to a word previously mentioned
  
• Links up two parts of the sentence

Martin played Tennis with Sophie, who was slightly injured.

relative pronoun

Noa sold her phone, which was old and damaged.

relative pronoun

that -> gebruik je in plaats van who/which. 

This is the pen that I got for my birthday.

Dit mag ALLEEN als de bijzin niet tussen twee komma's staat. 

De bijzin tussen twee komma's geeft extra informatie. 

His father, who is over sixty, is going to get married soon.

Je kunt deze soort bijzinnen herkennen aan het volgende: zonder deze informatie blijft het nog steeds een goede Engelse zin:              His father is going to get married soon.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

We kunnen een betrekkelijk voornaamwoord weglaten wanneer:

• Het al duidelijk is om wie of wat het gaat.
• De pronoun NIET op het onderwerp slaat
• Er een voornaamwoord achter staat.

The flowers which he gave me were beautiful.

The flowers he gave me were beautiful.

WHOM

We gebruiken een voorzetsel + whom om terug te verwijzen naar personen. Deze personen zijn vaak het object (meewerkend/lijdend voorwerp) in de zin.

• The girl to whom John is speaking is his sister.
• The person for whom you are looking for is over there.

Relative pronouns

• Who / which together with preposition
  
• preposition mostly in the end.

• preposition can also be in the beginning of sentence: formal
• 'Who' changes to 'whom'

The officer, who Lee told his story to, was shocked.

The officer, to whom Leed told his story, was shocked.

WHOSE

We gebruiken whose om aan te geven van wie iets is of waar iets bij hoort.

• He is the man whose guitar was stolen.
• Is that the dog whose owner always plays the drums?

Which RELATIVE pronoun fits in this sentence?
I want to read the book........you gave me.

1. which, that , who
2. which, that, X
3. who, whose, whom
4. which, that

Which RELATIVE pronoun fits in this sentence:
The officer, ....... John told his story to, was nice

1. who, that
2. who, that, X
3. who,
4. which, that

We had spaghetti .... is my favourite meal, for dinner last night.

1. whom
2. whose
3. which
4. who

which two relative pronouns belong to people?

1. who and that
2. who and which
3. which and whom
4. whose and who

He is a famous architect ...
designs won an international award last year.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

This is Mary, ...
is taking over my job when I leave.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

The photocopier, ...
has a two-year guarantee, costs $2000.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

Wanneer kun je een betrekkelijk voornaamwoord weglaten uit de zin?

1. Alleen bij zinnen waar het niet tussen komma's staat
2. als er een voornaamwoord achter staat
3. Niet
4. Altijd

He is the consultant ...
advice I rely on.

1. whose
2. who
3. that
4. whom

The people ...
were stopped at the border were all from Eastern Europe.

1. whose
2. which
3. that
4. who

Relative clauses give us...

1. Extra information
2. Essential information

Ik kan aan de slag met de oefeningen over relative pronouns:

😒🙁😐🙂😃