Chapter 2 grammar sentences

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vmbo t, mavo
• Leerjaar 4

Sentences

We need so called 'conjuctions' to put two sentences together

Which conjuctions are there?

The most commonly used are: 

1. AND

2. BUT

3. OR

4. SO

5. BECAUSE

What do they mean? 

1. AND = opsomming

2. BUT = tegenstelling

3. OR = keuze

4. SO = gevolg

5. BECAUSE = oorzaak 

Let's watch a short video on this topic

Over to you

Take your whiteboards and write down the right word to form a new sentence

I want to go to the beach
The weather is rainy
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

She loves reading books.
She doesn't like watching movies
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

I was tired.
I went to bed early
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

He didn't eat his breakfast.
He was running late
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

You can have tea
You can have coffee
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

We were hungry
We ordered pizza
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

I don't have a pencil
I need to borrow one
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

She passed with a high grade
She studied hard for the test
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

I like to play football
I also enjoy playing volleyball
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

He didn't call me
I think he forgot
(choose from: and,but, so, because,or)

Are there any more conjuctions?

Yes! Others we need to know how to use are: 

6. WHEN

7. WHICH

8. ALTHOUGH

9. AFTER

10. BEFORE

6. When

When do we use the conjuction 'when'? 

When is used to refer to a time or condition. 

TIME

Example: I will call you when I arrive. (Here, when refers to the time of arrival.)

Example: When I was young, I lived in Paris. (Here, when refers to a past time.)

CONDITION

Example: When it rains, I like to read a book. (The condition of rain is the trigger for the activity of reading.)

7. Which

Which is typically used to give more information about a noun or to make a choice between options.

MORE INFORMATION

Example: The book, which I bought yesterday, is really interesting. (Here, which provides more information about the noun "book.")

 MAKE A CHOICE

Example: Which colour do you prefer, blue or green?

8. Although

To show contrast or unexpected situations:

Example: Although it was raining, we went for a walk. (ondanks dat het regende.... toch...)

To show that something happened despite a condition:

Example: Although I was tired, I finished the project on time. (ondanks dat ik moe was... toch..)

9&10 After & Before

1. After

After is used to indicate that one action or event happens later in time than another. It shows that something follows something else.

Example: After he finished his homework, he went to bed.

 (eerst het ene, dan het andere) 

2. Before

Before is used to indicate that one action or event happens earlier in time than another. It shows that something happens prior to something else.

Example: Before he went to bed, he read a book.

(voordat het andere, eerst het ene) 

Take your whiteboards and write down the right word to form a new sentence

I was feeling tired
I went for a run anyway
(choose from: when, which, although, after, before)

I have a meeting at 2 pm.
I need to prepare for it
(choose from: when, which, although, after, before)

I have a dog.
It loves to play outside
(choose from: when, which, although, after, before)

I remember the day
I first met you
(choose from: when, which, although, after, before)

The movie was really good
It was released last year
(choose from: when, which, although, after, before)

Make a sentence with the following words and a linking word:
loved - the new soundtrack - was - the whole team - it - perfect - for the film

Make a sentence with the following words and a linking word:
want to get better - on my IPad - practise - I (2x) - at creating drawings - almost every day

Over to you

Open your folders and look for exercises 1,2 and 3 about sentences "conjuctions" 

Answers exercise 1

I love reading books, although I don't have much free time

Although I don't have much free time, I love reading books

I love reading books, but I don't have much free time

He was tired because he stayed up late watching movies 

Although he was tired, he stayed up late watching movies

I always have a cup of coffee before I start working

I always have a cup of coffee after I start working

Before I start working I always have a cup of coffee

After I start working I always have a cup of coffee

Answers exercise 1

She went to the store because she forgot to buy milk

She went to the store but she forgot to buy milk 

I have a meeting at 10 AM so I will be home by noon

I will be home by noon after I have a meeting at 10 AM

Although he didn't study for the exam, he passed anyway

He passed anyway, although he didn't study for the exam

He didn't study for the exam, but he passed anyway

Answers exercise 1

We walked to the park because it was a beautiful day

Because it was a beautiful day, we walked to the park

I wanted to go to the gym, but I had no energy

Although I had no energy, I wanted to go to the gym

I wanted to go to the gym, although I had no energy

Although the movie was interesting, I fell asleep halfway through

The movie was interesting, but I feel asleep halfway through

I fell asleep halfway through, although the movie was interesting

Answers exercise 1

She will call you when she arrives at the airport

When she arrives at the airport, she will call you 

Answers exercise 2

1. because

2. when/but

3. when

4. so

5. although/but

6. before

7. or

8. before

9. which

10. and

Answers exercise 3

1. and/after

2. although/but

3. so/when

4. because

5. when

6. after

7. or

8. although

9. before

10. which