BS3 - Animals

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 1

 The animal kingdom

Two features play key role:
- Symmetry
- Skeleton

Can be divided into 7 phyla

Symmetry

Bilateral symmetry

Symmetry

Bilateral symmetry

Symmetry

Radial symmetry

Symmetry

Asymmetric

Skeleton

External skeleton

Skeleton

Internal skeleton

Skeleton

No skeleton

Phyla of the animal kingdom

• Sponges
• Cnidarians
• Molluscs
  
• Arthropods 
• Echinoderms
• Vertebrates 

1. Phylum: Sponges

Visible characeristics:

• no symmetry
• body has many holes (pores) for in-/outflow of water
• no mouth, no organs
• traps + eats plankton
• aquatic

2. Phylum: Cnidarians

Visible characteristics:

• An exoskeleton of calcium, a coral
• the coral is built by Cnidarians
• Cnidarians show radial symmetry
• aquatic

3. Phylum: Molluscs  => Bi-valves

Visible characteristics:

• some have an external skeleton: a shell
• soft bodies
• many are aquatic
• and are filterfeeders
  

4. Phylum: Molluscs => octopus/squid/cuttlefish

Visible characteristics:

• an internal skeleton: a calcium plate
• soft streamlined body
• with tentacles attached to their head
• and hunt for prey
• squirting ink
  
  

5. Phylum: Molluscs => nautilus

Visible characteristics:

• an exoskeleton (a shell)
• soft streamlined body
• with tentacles attached to their head
• and hunt for prey.

6. Phylum: Echinoderms

• ‘spiny skinned’
• aquatic
• radial symmetry (5 equal parts)
  
• endoskeleton
• with a mouth located in the center
    of the body.

=> sea star

7. Phylum: Echinoderms => sea urchin (zee-egel)

• ‘spiny skinned’
  
• aquatic
  
• radial symmetry (5 equal parts)
  
• endoskeleton
  
• with a mouth located in the center
  of the body
  
  
  

ARTHROPODS

• Invertebrate - exoskeleton.
• Arthropod means jointed leg, all these animals have jointed legs.
• They all have bodies that are divided into segments.
• Because they have an exoskeleton they grow by molting.
• largest of the animal phyla

What did we learn?

1. Important features for the classification of animals are symmetry and the type of skeleton.
2. There are 6 phyla in the animal kingdom. 
3. You can recognize a few features for each of the phlya.

Do Now

Q 4 t/m 7 on pg. 190-191