3.1 A Republic of Regenten (part 1/2)

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3.1 A Republic of Regenten (part 1/2)

Great hall of the States General (The Hague)

What does it look like now?

Goals for this lesson

At the end of this lesson you...

• understand how the Republic was governed.
• understand the conflict between the grand pensionary and the stadtholder

Which age is this chapter about?

1. Regents and monarchs
2. Cities and states
3. Explorers and reformers
4. Wigs and revolutions

Which years belong to Age 6 Regents and monarchs?

1. 1500-1600
2. 1600-1700
3. 1700-1800
4. 1800-1900

1584 Assassination of William of Orange

What does it look like now?

Who should be the next leader of the Dutch Revolt in 1584?

William's 17 year old son Maurice of Orange

The Seven members of the States General

The representative of the most powerful gewest

The Spanish king Philip II

A foreign monarch

The States General is confused

It should be Maurice!

Lets do it together as 7 states!

Holland is too powerful!

Holland pays for the war!

Lets ask the English! They hate the Spanish too :)

What about the French?

Woof!

Hendrik III of France

He didn't want to cause a war between Spain and France so he refused. 

Elizabeth I of England

They asked Elizabeth I but she refused.

Count of Leicester

Couldn't find a new king or queen

In 1588 the States General declared the 7 provinces the: 

Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (or short Dutch Republic)

William of Orange assassinated

Plakkaat van Verlatinghe

Dutch Republic founded

Search for a new leader

Expansion of the Republic

By two sons of William of Orange:

               

Maurits        &   Frederik Hendrik.

Military expeditions were successful

Because of...

• Changes in the army structure.
• The Hollandic water line.
• Mutiny in the Spanish army.
• Other conflicts the Spanish had to deal with.

Changes in army structure

• Standerdized army and weapons.
• More training.
• Use of Roman and Greek tactics.
• The Dutch army became one of the best armies in the world.

Old Hollandic water line

Land can be set underwater when an enemy land army arrives. 

A bit of luck

A Spanish Armada (fleet) of 139 warships sent for the Dutch Republic was defeated by storms and by the English fleet.

Thanks for that England!!! 

Stadtholder Maurits of Orange

(Head of the Dutch army)

Grand pensionary Johan van Oldenbarnevelt (leader of the States General & representative of Holland)

Maurits

• Carefull & tactical
• Wants to defeat Spain as soon as possible (even if that costs a lot of money).
• Calvinist

Oldenbarnevelt

• Isn't affraid to take risks
• Wants a truce to repair the country and revive trade.
• Also calvinist but different kind.

Last words

“Men, do not believe that I am a traitor. I have acted honestly and piously as a good patriot. And that is how I shall die.”

Do we still use the death penalty in the Netherlands?

1. Yes
2. No

Search on the internet for a country that does still uses the death penalty.

Your opinion about the death penalty

Name 2 things you've learned today:

3.1 A Republic of Regenten (part 1/2)

Great hall of the States General (The Hague)

What does it look like now?