6V Literature - Introduction to Shakespeare

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Slide 1 - Diapositive

The goal of this lesson: 
  • Re-cap of sonnets
  • Shakespeare: his life and works
  • Shakespeare: the master of language
  • Famous Shakespeare quotes
  • Shakespeare quiz

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What is a sonnet again?
  • Iambic pentameter

"The book explained another way to write."
"I think I'll take a walk around the block."

duh DUH   duh DUh   duh DUH   duh DUH

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What is a sonnet again?
  • Rhyme scheme (Shakesperian sonnet)

  • abab cdcd efef gg

Slide 6 - Diapositive

Shakespeare's life (1564 - 1616)
  • April 1564: born in Stratford-upon-Avon
  • November 1582: marries Anne Hathaway
  • May 1583: daughter Susanna born
  • early 1585: twins Judith and Hamnet born
  • c. 1585: begins acting career in London
  • c. 1592: well-known dramatist in London
  • August 1596: son Hamnet dies
  • c. 1610: retires to Stratford, buys a large house there
  • 23 April 1616: dies in Stratford

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Literary legacy
  • some narrative poems on classical themes
  • 154 sonnets in so-called Shakespearean form (publ. 1609)
  • about 37 plays (maybe 2 or 3 more which have been lost (some written in collaboration with other dramatists)
  • only few plays published during his lifetime
  • most plays not published until 1623: the First Folio
  • usually divided into comedies, histories and tragedies

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Three types of play - Comedies
  • most important theme: love
  • common element?
    end in marriage (often more than one) 
  • great variety in character and quality
  • farce-like plays (e.g. The Taming of the Shrew )
  • romantic comedies (e.g. As You Like It )
  • sombre plays (e.g. The Merchant of Venice )

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Three types of play - histories
  • historical themes linked to contemporary concerns
  • medieval English history: the Hundred Years’ War and the Wars of the Roses
  • reflect political and moral questions of Elizabethan England
  • three examples: Richard II, Henry V and Richard III

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Three types of play - tragedies
  • most important theme: life
  • common element?
    end in death (more than one, including that of the title character) 
  • great variety in character and quality
  • the so-called Roman plays (e.g. Julius Caesar )
  • love tragedies (especially Romeo and Juliet )
  • the four great tragedies (Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth )

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Shakespeare: master of literature and language
  • Used a variety of sources: classical / historical / contemporary
  • Turned existing subject-matter into something new and unique
  • Showed deep understanding of human nature
  • Was a master of language
  • How?

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Slide 15 - Vidéo

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Master of language
  • Shakespeare coined around 1700 common words
  • Wrote accomplished blank verse with subtle imagery
  • Produced some of the most famous quotations in English
  • Such as....

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Famous quotations
Which words are missing?

  • If  music be the food of ..., play on / Give me excess of it
  • All the world's a stage / And all the men and women merely ...
  • What's in a name? That which we call a ... / By any other name would smell as sweet

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Famous quotations
  • If  music be the food of love play on / Give me excess of it (The Tempest, Act 1 - Scene 1)
  • All the world's a stage / And all the men and women merely  players (As You Like It, Act 2 - Scene 7)
  • What's in a name? That which we call a rose / By any other name would smell as sweet (Romeo and Juliet, Act 2 - Scene 2)

Slide 19 - Diapositive

SHAKESPEARE

Slide 20 - Carte mentale

What was Shakespeare's birth year?
A
1582
B
1585
C
1564
D
1592

Slide 21 - Quiz

How many sonnets did Shakespeare write?
A
154
B
112
C
103
D
188

Slide 22 - Quiz

What is the common element of comedies?
A
they end in death
B
they end in marriage
C
they end in tragedy
D
they end in festivity

Slide 23 - Quiz

The common element of tragedies is ...
A
DEATH
B
LOVE
C
WAR
D
LIFE

Slide 24 - Quiz

Which are the Four Great Tragedies?
A
Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth, Richard II
B
Hamlet, King Lear, Macbeth, Othello
C
Hamlet, Henry V, Macbeth, Othello
D
King Lear, Macbeth, Othello, Romeo & Juliet

Slide 25 - Quiz

How many words did Shakespeare invent?
A
around 1900
B
around 500
C
around 1000
D
around 1700

Slide 26 - Quiz

What kind of plays are Romeo & Juliet and Hamlet?
A
tragedy and tragedy
B
tragedy and history play
C
history play and comedy
D
tragedy and comedy

Slide 27 - Quiz

Would you like to see a real Shakespeare play (in the theatre)? Why (not)?

Slide 28 - Question ouverte

What if we would stage a Shakespeare play - would you want to participate? Why (not) and how?

Slide 29 - Question ouverte