H5 - week 48 - 2021 - Short stories general & Lamb tt Slaughter title & theme_The Lottery video

Today's class

Can do:
Short stories - understanding elements of the short story The Lottery 
by looking at theme, setting, main characters, external conflict, foreshadowing, climax
by watching the video


HW next week first class:
  • Grammar ex. C - sentences 31-61
  • Writing informal/formal letter Oef. 2 (opdrachten 1 + 2) OR writing a formal essay
(Thesis: All schools should offer city trips abroad to students)
  • Study examenidioom units 5 & 6

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Today's class

Can do:
Short stories - understanding elements of the short story The Lottery 
by looking at theme, setting, main characters, external conflict, foreshadowing, climax
by watching the video


HW next week first class:
  • Grammar ex. C - sentences 31-61
  • Writing informal/formal letter Oef. 2 (opdrachten 1 + 2) OR writing a formal essay
(Thesis: All schools should offer city trips abroad to students)
  • Study examenidioom units 5 & 6

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Slide 2 - Vidéo

Lamb to the Slaughter

Title
Theme
Dramatic irony
Questions to review:
setting/protagonist/antagonist/climax

Slide 3 - Diapositive

Explain the title "Lamb to the Slaughter"

Slide 4 - Question ouverte

What is dramatic irony & when does it occur in Lamb to the Slaughter?

Slide 5 - Question ouverte

Literary devices

Dramatic irony is used in Lamb to the Slaughter: at which point is this used in the story?

Irony:
when the speaker means the opposite of what (s)he says (for humorous effect)
"Don't go overboard with the gratitude" she said to her unthankful husband.

Dramatic irony:
the audience or reader knows what is going to happen but the character (play/novel) doesn't


Slide 6 - Diapositive

Lamb to the Slaughter - Title Explained
1) Literal meaning: 

2) Figurative meaning:

A)Lamb to the Slaughter (proverb): To undergo something without a fight

B) How does the title apply to the story?

C) Who is initially the "lamb"?

D) Who is eventually the stronger one?




Slide 7 - Diapositive

 Lamb to the Slaughter - Title 

Lamb to the Slaughter (proverb): To undergo something without a fight


How does the title apply to the story?
1)  Literal meaning: 
Mrs. Maloney "slaughters" (murders) her husband with a leg of lamb (bevroren lamsbout)

2) Figurative meaning:
Mrs. Maloney - a lamb ("zwak"/afhankelijk/meegaand) kills and is the opposite of someone undergoing something without a fight. Her husband wants to divorce her, and she does not simply accept this (undergo this without a fight), but kills him instead
Who is initially the "lamb"?




Slide 8 - Diapositive

Theme
Theme= 
a central idea about life the story highlights
the main idea (universal truths)
(i.e. love/hate/revenge/coming of age/innocence/death etc.)

Themes of Little Red Riding Hood (Roodkapje): Trust/Innocence vs deception
Moral: don't trust strangers/obey your parents/rely on your internal warning system


Look at: 
  • conflict & 
  • what side of the conflict the story represents
  • how is the conflict resolved -> who wins and who loses

Slide 9 - Diapositive

Theme
  • The central idea about life / Universal truth 
(e.g. love/oppression/sacrifice/marriage/betrayal)


Q. What is the theme in "Lamb to the Slaughter"?






Slide 10 - Diapositive

Theme Lamb to the Slaughter
The central idea about life high-lighted in the story:

  1. Survival
  2. Revenge






Slide 11 - Diapositive

What is the exactly the difference between a short short story and a longer short story?

Slide 12 - Question ouverte

Setting of Lamb to the Slaughter
When/Where?

Slide 13 - Question ouverte

Give the definition of climax in
a short story

Slide 14 - Question ouverte

What is the exact moment of the climax in Lamb to the Slaughter?

Slide 15 - Question ouverte

Who are the main characters in Lamb to the Slaughter?

Slide 16 - Question ouverte

Who are the secondary character of Lamb to the Slaugher?

Slide 17 - Question ouverte

What is the difference between
main and secondary characters?

Slide 18 - Question ouverte

Who is the protagonist in
Lamb to the Slaughter?

Slide 19 - Question ouverte

Slide 20 - Diapositive

 Objectives
Short Stories
Understanding :
  • what short stories are & their characteristics (plot/setting/characters/theme)
  • two literary devices - irony & dramatic irony
  • Reading and understanding Lamb to the Slaughter

Remaining time:
Grammar -  (work individually)
Read - Short story "Genesis and Catastrophe" - answer Q. 1/2/3


Slide 21 - Diapositive

Short story
  • A brief, imaginative narrative containing:
few characters, 
simple plot, 
conflict, 
suspense, 
swift conclusion.

  • Can be read in one sitting

  • Short short story = 3-5 pages / Short story = 10-12 pages / Long short story = up to 20 pages

Slide 22 - Diapositive

Slide 23 - Diapositive

Four elements Short Story

  1. Plot
  2. Setting
  3. Characters
  4. Theme

Slide 24 - Diapositive

Plot - definition
Chain of events in a story, consisting of 6 elements:
 
  1. exposition
  2. inciting incident
  3. rising action
  4. climax
  5. falling action
  6. resolution

Slide 25 - Diapositive

Element 1 - Plot (6 parts)

A) Exposition: introduces the reader to 
  • setting (when/where/basic situatio)
  • characters
  • narrative hook

B) Inciting incident: the first major action in the story that sets the story in motion

C) Rising action: incidents that carry the plot along:
  • Foreshadowing: a literary device that hints at events occurring later on in the plot
  • Flashback: a literary device that inserts an earlier event in the timeline; that looks back at a past event 
  • Conflict: what prevents the main character from getting what (s)he wants
  • Internal conflict: person vs self
  • External conflict: person vs person/society/environment/technology/fate etc.




Slide 26 - Diapositive

Element 1 - Plot (6 parts)

D) Climax - the highest point of interest in the story when the character solves his/her struggles; highest point of emotion
     Can be subjective -> different answers, you need proof from the story to support answer


E) Falling action - The character completes the action of his/her decision


F) Resolution - the final workings of the story's conflict; all loose ends are (usually) tied up here.
     There can be a narrative twist = a surprise ending




Slide 27 - Diapositive

Element 1 - Plot  (6 parts)
D) Climax - the highest point of interest in the story when the character solves his/her struggles; highest point of emotion
     Can be subjective -> different answers, you need proof from the story to support answer

E) Fallling action

Slide 28 - Diapositive

Element 2 - Setting (when/where/mood/atmosphere)

When and where does the story take place

When = present/past/future; time of day; season
Where = country, planet, town, building, surroundings 

Both create:
1) mood = the writer's attitude towards the subject (NOT the characters' mood)
2) atmosphere = the feeling the setting evokes (mysterious, happy, eerie etc.)

Slide 29 - Diapositive

Slide 30 - Diapositive

Slide 31 - Diapositive

Element 3 - Characters


  1. What types of characters are there in a short story?
  2. What are their roles in the plot?

Slide 32 - Diapositive

Element 3 - Characters

  • Protagonist - "good guy - person audience is rooting for", main character that solves conflict

  • Antagonist - "bad buy - person audience wants to fail", creates conflict for the main character

  • Secondary characters - move the plot along, may not be involved in conflict

Slide 33 - Diapositive

Element 3 - Character -> traits
character traits = physical and personality characteristics revealed through:

  • What the character him-/herself does & says 

  • What the other characters say or do about the character

  • What the author states directly

  • What the author implies (suggests/not explicitly written)

Slide 34 - Diapositive

Element 4 - Theme
Theme = 
a central idea about life the story highlights
the main idea (universal truths)
(i.e. love/hate/revenge/coming of age/innocence/death etc.)

Look at: 
conflict & 
what side of the conflict the story represents
how is the conflict resolved (who wins and who loses)

Slide 35 - Diapositive

Little Red Riding Hood - Theme
Theme = 
a central idea about life the story highlights
the main idea (universal truths)
(i.e. love/hate/revenge/coming of age/innocence/death etc.)

Themes: Trust/Innocence vs deception
Moral: don't trust strangers/obey your parents/rely on your internal warning system


Look at these to determine the theme: 
what is the conflict & 
what side of the conflict does the story represent
how is the conflict resolved (who wins and who loses)

Slide 36 - Diapositive