What were the significant breakthroughs in medicine in the nineteenth century? PART II (p. 94 - 99)

Healthcare & Medicine 
Statement of Inquiry
The health of communities requiers effective governance and the development of welfare systems

Key Concept: Systems
Related Concepts: Governance
Global Context: Fairness and development
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Healthcare & Medicine 
Statement of Inquiry
The health of communities requiers effective governance and the development of welfare systems

Key Concept: Systems
Related Concepts: Governance
Global Context: Fairness and development

Slide 1 - Diapositive

Healthcare & Medicine 
In this class, you will investigate the following medical breakthroughs which happened during the nineteenth century:

  • Germ Theory
  • Surgery
  • Infection
  • Blood Loss
  • Public Health 

Slide 2 - Diapositive

Healthcare & Medicine 

Read the text about Germ Theory on p. 94. 

There were a few important figures in the field of Germ Theory, most notably:
Loius Pasteur, Robert Koch, Emil von Behring and Patrick Manson.

On the next slide, drag the key-words to the right person. 

Slide 3 - Diapositive

Louis Pasteur 
Robert Koch 
Emil von Behring
Patrick Manson
won the Novel Prize in Medice in 1901
French scientist 
discovery led to the pasturazation of milk
German doctor
British doctor
Discovered many diseases like TBC and cholera. 
German scientist
Discovered that some diseases were spread through carriers
Isolated and grew bacteria to observe
other scientist were inspired and discovered viruses
developed vaccines to prevent diseases, like chicken pox
Found out that some animals produce anti-toxins

Slide 4 - Question de remorquage

Healthcare & Medicine 

Read the text about Surgery on p. 94 - 95. 

Also, Check out SOURCE E (Figure 5.15 and 5.16) 

Watch the video and on the next slides, answer the questions. 

Slide 5 - Diapositive

Slide 6 - Vidéo

In about 100 words, descibe with the use examples of the video and the text on p. 94 -95 how surgery has developend form a grueling painfull experience to a much more painfree and safe procedure nowadays.

Slide 7 - Question ouverte

Check out SOURCE E on p. 95. In about 50 words, describe what is happening in the cartoon. What conclusions can be drawn about how surgery was perfomred at the turn of the nineteenth century?

Slide 8 - Question ouverte

Fact or fable?
"Before the nineteenth century, some London hospitals had a 80 percent death rate post-operation"
A
Fact
B
Fable

Slide 9 - Quiz

Fact or fable?
"Some historians suggest that surgeons in America were more ready to try out new techniques on black slaves."
A
Fact
B
Fable

Slide 10 - Quiz

Fact or fable?
"Since doctors did not now how to take away pain during surgery, they took their time to perform the operation"
A
Fact
B
Fable

Slide 11 - Quiz

Fact or fable?
"The use of laughing gas by American doctor J.C. Warren to remove a tooth without pain was succesfull"
A
Fact
B
Fable

Slide 12 - Quiz

Fact or fable?
"Choroform put patients to sleep so long, that they could still feel the pain of the surgery but were to dozed of to respond and still experienced agony".
A
Fact
B
Fable

Slide 13 - Quiz

Fact or fable?
"Carl Koller discoverd cocaine as a local anaesthetic, wich was less dangerous as the patient stayed awake."
A
Fact
B
Fable

Slide 14 - Quiz

You might think that everyone would be happy to accept relief from pain brought by the new anaesthetics. However, many individuals and groups objected to their use.
Check out SOURCE F - H on p. 96. In about 50 words, describe what objections there might be to using anaesthetics in the nineteenth century.

Slide 15 - Question ouverte

Healthcare & Medicine 

Read the text about Infection on p. 97. 

Also, Check out SOURCE I & J and Figure 5.18.

On the next slide, drag the key-words to the right person and answer the question. 

Slide 16 - Diapositive

Ignaz Semmelweis
Florence Nightingale 
Jospeph Lister 
British surgeon
Hungarian doctor
disoverd a higher baby death rate from student surgeons
British nurse
showed the mortality of soldiers during Crimean War
discovered that carbolic acid could heal wounds after surgery
improved cleanliness of field hospitals
After initial objection, Koch supported the use of sterilization
promoted simple hygiene protocol, but was not taken seriously

Slide 17 - Question de remorquage

Check out SOURCE I and J on p. 97. In about 50 words, explain why there was resistance to Lister's ideas and methods for preventing infection.

Slide 18 - Question ouverte

Healthcare & Medicine 

Read the text about Blood Loss on p. 98. 


On the next slide, answer the question

Slide 19 - Diapositive

Consider the following statement:
"The discoveries made by Lister made Paré's ligatures safe and more effective"
Explain if this statement is true or false.

Slide 20 - Question ouverte

Healthcare & Medicine 

Read the text about Public Health on p. 99. 

Also, Check out SOURCE K.

On the next slide, answer the question. 

Slide 21 - Diapositive

In about 100 words, explain with the use of examples why, despite better trained doctors, new scientific discoveries and government interventions, life expectancy and the general health of the poor had not improved significantly by the end of the nineteenth century.

Slide 22 - Question ouverte

Healthcare & Medicine 
For the final assigment to round up this parapraphs question:
"What were the significant breakthroughs in medicine in the nineteenth century?"

You will make a summary in the form of a time-line or flow chart. You can create this summary on paper or digitally. 

Make sure that you include as much dates, discoveries and significant individuals as possible. 


Slide 23 - Diapositive

Upload a screenshot or image of your timeline or flowchart here.

Slide 24 - Question ouverte