CH5

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How and why did the Cold War start?

Cuba Crisis (when)

Marshall plan and NL

5.1: A new world order

& 

DECOLONISATION 

ASIA

AFRICA

Goals

1. The student knows what the following keywords mean: decolonisation, ethical policies, self-governance, right of self-determination, 
   
   
2. The student can explain 4 causes of decolonisation after WWII

Do you remember:
What is modern imperialism?

1. the racist view that ‘white’ Europeans are better than other people
2. the occupation of large parts of the world by European nations
3. a system in which the Dutch forced Indonesian farmers to work for them
4. the division and occupation of Africa by European powers

Decolonisation after WWII

In the 19th and early 20th century, European countries tried to colonize as many territories in the world, mainly in Africa and Asia. 

After WWII a process of decolonisation started: the process of a colony becoming independent from a colonising state. 

Why did this process take place? 

The loss of their moral authority 

European countries felt they had the moral authority in the world. They knew best what was right and wrong and needed to guide other countries (white man's burden).

As a result of WWI and WWII, it became very difficult for the European countries to uphold their moral authority. They had caused/not prevented the horrors of WWI and WWII. 

Ethical politics

As the "superior race" the Europeans needed to take care of the people in their colonies and civilize them. This was called ethical politics. As a result, the European countries built hospitals, schools and provided better infrastructure. However --> the local inhabitants were not allowed to have any political say. 

Educated Africans and Asians learned about European history and the European ideals (democracy, equality, etc.), which they did not have for themselves. As a result:

• They became interested in their own history from the time before the Europeans had arrived --> they started to create their own identity. 
• They protested against economic exploitation and started to demand more opportunities for themselves. Nationalist movements even demanded self-governance.

How did the Japanese influence the process of decolonisation?

The influence of Japan

European countries had been military superior to Asian countries. This changed during WWII when Japan was able to occupy many Asian colonies. 

As a result:

• The Europeans lost their reputation of being invincible
• Nationalist movements grabbed the opportunity to declare independence when the Japanese were defeated

The United Nations

In 1945, the United Nations was founded. Its goals: 

• To create a platform where countries could talk to each other about matters of war, peace and development, in order to avoid future wars. 
• To promote values such as the right of self-determination for all peoples and human rights as stated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

The result --> if a country joined the United Nations, countries indirectly declared that colonies would be allowed to claim their independence.

What is the Berlin Blockade?

Berlin Wall

Name as many communist countries as you can:

Thinking back at what you've learned:
What complicated the goals of the United Nations during the Cold War?

The rise of communism complicated things. The USA did not always acknowledge the right of self-determination of countries that turned to communism. So, during the Cold War, it was hard for the UN to function. 

USA interfered in Korea because they feared a domino effect

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

NL: youth cultures were influenced by music from the USA?

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

NL: right after WW2 teenagers worked more then that they attended school

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

With the end of the SU, the Cold War ended

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

Why did the east easily form new non-communist countries after Gorbachev rose to power?

1. End of Truman Doctrine
2. Gorbachev was afraid for NATO interference
3. Gorbachev broke with the Warsaw Pact

Explain: 'Domino Effect'

Do you remember?
What is the white man's burden?

1. To uphold peace in the world
2. Fairly divide the world between European powers
3. To civilize the non-white people in the world
4. Free the people in the colonies from their oppressors

Explain: Ethical Politics

VIDEO

1) HOW AND WHY DID EUROPA COLONIZE?

2) HOW AND WHEN DID DECOLONIZATION START? 

3) HOW DID WW2 INFLUENCE DECOLONIZATION?

4) HOW DID COLD WAR INFLUENCED DECOLONIZATION? 

VIDEO

1) HOW AND WHY DID EUROPA COLONIZE?

2) HOW AND WHEN DID DECOLONIZATION START? 

3) HOW DID WW2 INFLUENCE DECOLONIZATION?

4) HOW DID COLD WAR INFLUENCED DECOLONIZATION? 

NORTH KOREA 

and South Korea ......

VIDEO & BOOK

1) When did the war start and end?

2) Who was against who and why?

3) How is propaganda used in North Korea?

4) Why does NK still have elections? 

Kim-Il-sung tried to take over the South by force

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

USE interfered out of fear of the domino effect

1. TRUE
2. FALS

UN forces were only made up of American soldiers

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

The war was won by the USA and UN

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

Chinese army drove back the UN forces

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

TO DO 

1) HOMEWORK: 4.6: 1, 2, 6, 9, 10

2) Key Role players

3) STUDY CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 4
WHO ARE THE KEY ROLE PLAYERS?

Discuss the key role players

Stalin	....
....	.....

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