1.2 Changing populations and places

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2 Changing populations and places

IB Geography - Unit 1 Population change

2 Changing populations and places

What are the key processes of population change and their effect on people and places?

2. Changing population and places

What are the processes of population change and their effect on people and places?

a) Population change and demographic transition over time, including natural increase, fertility rate, life expectancy, population structure and dependency ratios.

> Detailed examples of two or more contrasting countries;

b) The consequences of megacity growth for individuals and societies.

> One case study of a mega-city that experiences rapid growth;

c) The causes and consequences of forced migration and internal displacement.

> Detailed examples of two or more forced movements, to include political and environmental push factors, and consequences for people and places.

Google Classroom 2.2

Some of you have made the exercises in Google Classroom:

https://classroom.google.com/u/0/w/Mzc5Njg5NzEwNzFa/tc/Mzc5NzAzNTUyODda 

a) Population change and demographic transition over time, including natural increase, fertility rate, life expectancy, population structure and dependency ratios.

Key terms:

1. Natural increase
2. Total fertility rate
3. Life expectancy
4. Population structure
5. Dependency ratio
6. Demographic transition

Write down these key terms and add their definitions.

As a class try to name 6 factors influencing the Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

1. The status of women
2. Level of education and material ambition
3. Location of residence
4. Religion
5. Health of the mother
6. Economic prosperity
7. The need for children

Key terms 

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ENme_AcOSrbzr0dIb9Zre7LXyMpU3bSO9xNjZTxskOw/edit

Describe the living conditions in a country that is in stage 3 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

I.B. Style Practice Question "Compare and contrast the age distribution of the selected countries". (6 marks)

b) The consequences of mega-city growth

Case study in course book: Mumbai, India

Case studies at Geography Monkey: 

- China http://geographymonkey.com/21-population-distribution---china.html

- US: http://geographymonkey.com/21-population-distribution---usa.html

You can use the GEO Course Book: https://classroom.google.com/u/0/c/Mzc5Njg5NzEwNzFa/m/MTA0NDg3OTQxMzg5/details

Briefly explain the reasons for Mumbai's growth as a megacity

- Since 1970s textiles and imports/exports through the port.

- Since then: diversified industries such as aerospace, engineering, computers and electronic equipment.

- Now: Financial, commercial and entertainment center of India.

> 25% of India's industrial output

> 6% of total GDP

> Manu TNCs

> Financial institutions

Problems related to mega-city growth:

- poverty

- unemployment/ underemployment

- limited access to health care and education

- poor sanitation and access to electricity

- limited security of tenure

c) The causes and consequences of forced migration and internal displacement.

> Detailed examples of two or more forced movements, to include political and environmental push factors, and consequences for people and places.

Types of forced migration:

1. Conflict-induced

2. Development-induced

3. Disaster-induced

Types of forced migrants:

1. Refugees

2. Asylum seekers

3. Internally displaced person (IDP)

4. Development displacees

5. Environmental & disaster displacees

6. Smuggled people

7. Traficked people

Case study in course book:

Syria:

Type of forced migration: Conflict-induced

Types of forced migrants: Refugees, displaced people

Nigeria:

Type of forced migration: Conflict-induced

Types of forced migrants: Refugees, displaced people

Who is an Internally Displaced Person? (2,5min)

What is the fundamental difference between IDPs and refugees?

As a class, list the impacts that IDPs suffer.

Check out IB Prepared

Check yourself with IB Prepared

Link can be found in Managebac

For extra resources and activities see:

Geography Monkey:

http://geographymonkey.com/212-changing-populations-and-places.html

Video on Population pyramids:

https://ed.ted.com/lessons/population-pyramids-powerful-predictors-of-the-future-kim-preshoff

2.3 Demographic dividend, as defined by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA):

"the economic growth potential that can result from shifts in a population’s age structure, mainly when the share of the working-age population (15 to 64) is larger than the non-working-age share of the population (14 and younger, and 65 and older)".[1] In other words, it is “a boost in economic productivity that occurs when there are growing numbers of people in the workforce relative to the number of dependents.”

2.3 Dependency and Ageing ratios

The total (or Age) dependency ratio is the ratio of the sum of the population aged 0-14 and that aged 65+ to the population aged 15-64, presented as number of dependants per 100 persons of working age (15-64).

The child dependency ratio is the ratio of the population aged 0-14 to the population aged 15-64, presented as number of dependants per 100 persons of working age (15-64).

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The old-age dependency ratio is the ratio of the population aged 65 years or over to the population aged 15-64,presented as number of dependants per 100 persons of working age (15-64).