1.3 Separating mixtures

• Scheikunde
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

Separating mixtures

What is seperating?

Separating Techniques

A mixture contains two or more substances not joined together. Their melting points are a range of values. Which separation technique to use depends on the mixture.

Insoluble solid and a liquid = filtered with filter paper and a funnel. 

Soluble solid and a liquid = evaporation to obtain the solid; distillation = to obtain both the solid and the liquid. The heat helps the liquid to evaporate then the condenser turns it back to a liquid.

Chromatography is used to separate coloured dyes/pigments based on their attraction to the chromatography paper.

Seperating mixtures

Bezinken en afschenken

Filtration

Seperating base on difference in particle size

Difference in particle size

Centrifugation

Difference in density

What is distillation?

Filtration and seaving use the same difference in substance properties. Which one?

1. Density
2. Boiling point
3. Solubility
4. Particle size

Can you seperate a solution by filtration?

1. Yes
2. No

What is the mixture called which you can filtrate?

1. Solution
2. Suspension
3. Emulsion
4. Homogeneous

During filtration you get ...

1. residu in the filter
2. residu in the tube
3. filtrate in the filter

What is NOT an example of filtration?

1. Making tea
2. Making coffee
3. Drain pasta
4. Prevent toxins with a gas mask

What is chromatography?

1. A method for identifying substances in a sample
2. A method for creating new compounds
3. A process of mixing chemicals
4. A technique used to separate and analyze mixtures

Which separation technique is commonly used to separate mixtures of different boiling points?

1. Crystallization
2. Decantation
3. Distillation
4. Sublimation

Centrifugation is a fast form of sedimentation.

1. True
2. False

What is the product obtained from distillation called?

1. Precipitate
2. Solution
3. Residue
4. Distillate

Which separation technique involves the use of a solvent to separate different components based on their solubility?

1. Decantation
2. Filtration
3. Liquid-liquid extraction
4. Distillation

Which statement best describes the purpose of distillation?

1. To decrease the volume of a liquid.
2. To mix liquids together to create a new substance.
3. To extract solids from liquids.
4. To purify liquids by separating components based on their different boiling points.

What is distillation?

1. A process that separates liquids based on their solubility.
2. A process that separates liquids based on their viscosity.
3. A process that separates liquids based on their melting points.
4. A process that separates liquids based on their boiling points.

Which separation technique is used to separate a solid from a liquid by passing the mixture through a filter paper?

1. Chromatography
2. Centrifugation
3. Filtration
4. Evaporation