Covalent bonding

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Slide 1: Carte mentale
ScienceUpper Secondary (Key Stage 4)GCSE

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Write the most
scientific sentence

Slide 1 - Carte mentale

Covalent bonding - small covalents

Slide 2 - Diapositive

What are you going to learn?
In this lesson you will:
  • check your understanding of the covalent bond
  • prepare to practice drawing or completing covalent bonds
  • be able to describe what is meant by the term 'small covalent molecule', giving examples of these.

Slide 3 - Diapositive

Which of the following will not be involved in a covalent bond?
A
carbon
B
magnesium
C
hydrogen
D
fluorine

Slide 4 - Quiz

Why will magnesium
not be involved
in a covalent bond?

Slide 5 - Carte mentale

Which of the following elements will not form a covalent bond?
A
Helium
B
Boron
C
Sulfur
D
Iodine

Slide 6 - Quiz

Why do Noble gases
not form covalent bonds?

Slide 7 - Carte mentale

electron shared by H
electron shared by O
electrons not being shared by O

Slide 8 - Question de remorquage

Which sub-atomic particles are shared in a covalent bond?
A
proton
B
inner shell electron
C
neutron
D
outer shell electron

Slide 9 - Quiz

What term decribes
what happens to
electrons in a covalent bond?

Slide 10 - Carte mentale

What group of the periodic table
is carbon in?
Group 1
Group 3
Group 4
Group 7
Group 0

Slide 11 - Sondage

How many more electrons does
carbon need to have a full outer shell?
1
3
4
7
0

Slide 12 - Sondage

How many electrons does
carbon share in covalent bonds?
1
3
4
7
0

Slide 13 - Sondage

What group is chlorine in?
A
1
B
7
C
0
D
2

Slide 14 - Quiz

The number of electrons a non-metal atom needs is the number it will...
A
loose
B
gain
C
transfer
D
share

Slide 15 - Quiz

How many electrons does
chlorine need for a full outer
shell?
A
1
B
7
C
0
D
2

Slide 16 - Quiz

How many electrons does
chlorine share?
A
1
B
7
C
0
D
2

Slide 17 - Quiz

Oxygen is in group 6
how many will it
share?

Slide 18 - Carte mentale

Nitrogen is in group 5
how many will it
share?

Slide 19 - Carte mentale

Oxygen has 6 outer shell electrons, it shares 2, how many electrons are not involved in a covalent bond?
A
2
B
4
C
6
D
8

Slide 20 - Quiz

Bromine is in group 7, it shares 1 electron with Hydrogen, how many electrons are not involved in a covalent bond?
A
2
B
4
C
6
D
8

Slide 21 - Quiz

How many of the hydrogen
atom electrons are not involved
in a covalent bond?
A
0
B
1
C
2
D
8

Slide 22 - Quiz

Small covalent molecules
  • All the diatomic molecules
  • The dioxides - CO2 , SO2 and NO2
  • Methane - CH4
  • Ammonia - NH3
  • Water - H2O
  • Nitrogen oxides

Slide 23 - Diapositive

What is the maximum number of atoms in a small covalent?
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4

Slide 24 - Quiz

Properties
  • Almost all small covalent molecules are gases at room temperature (20-25oC)
  • Almost all have negative melting and boiling points

Slide 25 - Diapositive

What are the melting and
boiling points of small
covalent molecules like?

Slide 26 - Carte mentale

Which small covalent
molecule is NOT a gas
at room temperature?

Slide 27 - Carte mentale

Properties
No free electrons and therefore...
  • Don't conduct thermal energy
  • Don't conduct electricity

Slide 28 - Diapositive

Special case
  • Water is what we call a polar molecule.
  • This means the diferent parts are slightly (not fully) charged
  • The oxygen is slightly negative and the hydrogens slightly positive

Slide 29 - Diapositive

Special case
  • This means water molecules are attracted to each other
  • The slightly negative oxygens are atracted to the slightly positive hydrogens in adjacent water molecules
  • These are hydrogen bonds, a type of intermolecular force

Slide 30 - Diapositive

Special case
  • Other small covalents don't have these between the molecules
  • Having these means a bit more thermal energy is needed to change water from a liquid to a gas
  • Intermolecular means between molecules

Slide 31 - Diapositive

What can small covalent
molecules NOT do?

Slide 32 - Carte mentale

Why can small covalent
molecules noy conduct?

Slide 33 - Carte mentale

What part of the water molecule is positive?
A
The hydrogen atoms
B
The oxygen atom
C
All of it
D
None of it

Slide 34 - Quiz

What part of the water molecule is slightly negative?
A
The hydrogen atoms
B
The oxygen atom
C
The hydrogen ions
D
The oxygen ion

Slide 35 - Quiz

What word describes what there is between water molecules that there aren't strong ones of between other small covalent molecules?
A
intramolecular bonds
B
intrinsic forces
C
intermolecular forces
D
intermolecular bonds

Slide 36 - Quiz

What is needed to
break intermolecular
forces?

Slide 37 - Carte mentale

Draw, snip and post a covalent bond diagram for H2

Slide 38 - Question ouverte

Draw, snip and post a covalent bond diagram for O2

Slide 39 - Question ouverte

Draw, snip and post a covalent bond diagram for CH4

Slide 40 - Question ouverte

Draw, snip and post a covalent bond diagram for N2

Slide 41 - Question ouverte

Draw, snip and post a covalent bond diagram for F2

Slide 42 - Question ouverte

Draw, snip and post a covalent bond diagram for CO2

Slide 43 - Question ouverte

Draw, snip and post a covalent bond diagram for H2O

Slide 44 - Question ouverte


How did that go?
😒🙁😐🙂😃

Slide 45 - Sondage