Paragraph 5.4 - Napoleon's rise to power - 2021

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• Leerjaar 2

Today

Paragraph 5.5 - The end of the Dutch Republic

Goals

1. You will be able to explain what happened in the Dutch Republic before, during and directly after the French Revolution
2. You can make a timeline of different governments in the area now known as the Netherlands between 1787 and 1815 (today we will get to 1795) 

Deshima

• Conflicts with England cause downfall in trade
• No Dutch ships for years
• Fall of the VOC

Patriots vs. Orangists 

• Patriots: people who protested against the power of the stadtholder
• Demanded more influece of the people, supported the ideas of the Enlightenment 
• Orangists: supported the stadtholder  

Stadtholder Willem V and his wife  Wilhelmina of Pruissia flee to Nijmegen (1787)

But Wilhelmina travels back to The Hague, gets caught by the Patriots, returns to Nijmegen and advices her brother to act

Patriots flee and return

• After the arrival of the Prussian army, the Patriots flee to France
• During the French Revolution they side with the Revolutionaries
• 1795: return to the Dutch Republic with the French Revolutionary Army 

The Batavian Revolution 

Read 'The Batavian Revolution' (TB 128) 

Name at least three similarities between the French Republic

and the Batavian Republic

Name at least one difference 

Give two similarities and
one difference between
the French and the Batavian Republic

End of the Batavian Republic

At the end of the 18th century radical Patriots committed a coup. Under their power the Dutch Republic developed into a Unitarian state. This meant that the provinces did not have any power anymore and that the Batavian Republic was governed centrally from The Hague. But in 1801 an authoritarian government replaced them. Emperor Napoleon of France saw this type of government as a threat to the power of the people in the Batavian Republic. He also thought that the Batavian Republic did not support France enough in its war against Great Britain. And thus Napoleon decided that it was necessary to intervene. In 1806 he replaced the authoritarian government with his own brother Louis as king of Holland. King Louis did not perform to Napoleon’s expectations; he tried to serve Dutch interests instead of his brother’s. The kingdom was dissolved in 1810 after it was annexed by France.

Lesson: Never invade Russia

Who

Grande Armee consisted of 500,000 men of which c.15,000 were Dutch conscripts

When

1812

Where

To Moskou and back

Why

More power!

Lesson: Send Napoleon farther away than Elba

Who

Napoleon

When

1815

Where

The island of Elba and France

Why

Being imprisoned close to the European main land is not his style

Homework

Make exercise 9 of paragraph 5.5