1.3 life as a farmer

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 1

1.4 the first farmers

lesson goal:

Learning goal 2: You explain how the agricultural revolution started and what result it had on the lives of the first people.

A. Causes and effects - You know what causes and effects are.

What do we learn about hunter- gatherers?

What are nomads?

1. Hunter - gatherers
2. People who moved around much and didn't have a permanent place to live
3. People who lived in villages and lived of agriculture
4. Farmers

What was the livelihood of hunter- gatherers?

where did the first people stayed and lived in a permanent place and didn't move around anymore?

Agricultural revolution

- Neolithic Age/ Late Stone Age = period in wich agriculture was discovered. The change from hunting/ gathering to agriculture = agricultural revolution.

Cause:

- 10.000 BC  in the Fertile crescent: Crop farming + livestock farming 'invented'= agriculture --> less need to hunt and gather.

Effects:

- Farmers settled permanently near the farm in one place.

- People started building solid dwellings

- Change in tools --> Ploughs, ceramic pots

- People started building grave monuments and temples

- People started to domesticate animals and started to bread animals: animal husbandry

How do you recognize this is a picture about the early farmers?

Name three effects of the agricultural revolution.

Why was it that farmers settled permanently in one place?

What effect did it have that farmers lived in a permanent dwelling

At wich time the agricultural revolution took place?

1. Paleolithic Age/ Early Stone Age
2. Mesolithic Age/ Middle Stone Age
3. Neolithic Age/ Late Stone Age

Linear pottery culture

Between 6.000 and 5.000 BC people in Europe also started to farm!

5.300 BC: first farmers settled in the Netherlands in South Limburg --> fertile loess soil.

Villages appeared. Farmers made pots from river clay ==> Pottery -> Linear Pottery Culture

Culture: group of people who share the same customs and make objects in similar styles.

Grave gifts were placed in graves of important farmers and indicate that the farmers participated in trade.

Social differences

Living in a fixed place led to social differences. -> some farmers had more prestige than others: more land, livestock, tools, larger houses.

Those people became leaders of their villages. 

You can find traces of social differences in graves.

Why are the grave gifts of the farmers important sources for us?

What kind of sources are the grave gifts of farmers?

1. Unwritten sources
2. Primary sources
3. Written sources
4. Secundary sources

Find a primary unwritten source about the Hunters and Farmers yourselves!

Paragraph 1.4

Workbook:

- Paragraph 1.4 The first farmers.

Exercise: 3, 4, 7 

- Paragraph 1.5 Monumental changes

Exercise: 5

What did we learn this lesson?

How did the agricultural revolution affected peoples lives?