New ideas in New times - week 6

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vmbo lwoo
• Leerjaar 1

Today's planning

- What is up with your online method?

- Working on 6.2

Chapter 6: Reason and Revolution
(pruiken en revoluties)

We will discuss subjects and events that happened during the 18th century. 

1700 - 1800 is called The age of wigs and revolution.
In this chapter you'll find scientific discoveries, but also a lot of violence. People are fighting for democracy and freedom. 
It is also a time where Europeans use African slaves for trade. 

 The age of reason

In the 17th century (1600-1700) there was a scientific revolution

Scientists started working with new methods and logic thinking. This new way of thinking also inspired philosophers.

Philosophers questioned every aspect of life: nature, science, religion, morals and behaviour. 

This is called 'enlightened thinking'

Enlightened thinking

The philosophers started to believe in things as basic human rights for everyone. They believed people should have equal rights. 

They saw the Middle Ages as a dark time full of superstition. 

This new way of thinking made room for 'light'.

That is why we call this century The Age of Enlightenment.

Absolutism

- Kings were untoucheble

- France also had a king, but the people began to feel more and more dissatisfied with that. 

- Eventually Revolution!! But how did it get so far??

The French estate system

France had a estate system (klassen systeem): A system where the population is divided into estates with their own rights and duties.

First estate: Clergy  

Second estate: Nobility  

Third estate: rest of the people

Third estate were farmers or prominent citizens or labourers, but also the bourgeoisie. 

Privileges

First two estates had many privileges:

- Only nobleman could become army officers

- Did not had to pay taxes to the king 

Only the third estate had to pay taxes. Not only directly but also over the price of food, which made life very expensive

What to do now?

- Work on another subject?